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@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ featured_stat_label_3: Domains using Brotli via CDNs
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## Introduction
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This chapter provides insights regarding the current state of CDN usage. CDNs are playing an increasingly important role in delivering content to users around the globe—even for smaller sites by facilitating the delivery of static and third-party content such as Javascript libraries, Fonts and other content. Another key aspect of the CDNs that we will discuss in this chapter is the role CDNs play in adoption of new standards such as TLS and HTTP versions.
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This chapter provides insights regarding the current state of CDN usage. CDNs are playing an increasingly important role in delivering content to users around the globe—even for smaller sites by facilitating the delivery of static and third-party content such as JavaScript libraries, Fonts and other content. Another key aspect of the CDNs that we will discuss in this chapter is the role CDNs play in adoption of new standards such as TLS and HTTP versions.
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We think that CDNs will continue play a vital role in the future not just for content delivery but for content security as well. We recommend that users look at CDNs from both a performance and a security viewpoint.
caption="Percent of total emissions by percentile by type (mobile)",
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description="A bar chart showing the percent of different content types on desktop in the total page carbon emissions by percentile. On the 90th percentile HTML content accounts for around 1.8% of the total carbon emissions, Javascript is responsible a bit less than 18.1% of total carbon emissions, CSS is around 3.4%, images accounts for around 72.3% and fonts represent 4.5% of the total carbon emissions. On the 75th percentile, HTML represents 1.8%, Javascript 23.4%, CSS around 3.8%, images around 65.7% and fonts around 5.2% of the total carbon emissions. On the 50th percentile, HTML represents 1.9%, Javascript 30%, CSS around 4.4%, images almost 57.4% and fonts around 6.3% of the total carbon emissions. On the 25th percentile, HTML represents 2.4%, Javascript 38.8%, CSS around 5.2%, images 48.3% and fonts around 5.3% of the total carbon emissions. On the 10th percentile, HTML represents 3.8%, Javascript 53.4%, CSS around 3.6%, images 39.2% and fonts 0% of the total carbon emissions.",
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description="A bar chart showing the percent of different content types on desktop in the total page carbon emissions by percentile. On the 90th percentile HTML content accounts for around 1.8% of the total carbon emissions, JavaScript is responsible a bit less than 18.1% of total carbon emissions, CSS is around 3.4%, images accounts for around 72.3% and fonts represent 4.5% of the total carbon emissions. On the 75th percentile, HTML represents 1.8%, JavaScript 23.4%, CSS around 3.8%, images around 65.7% and fonts around 5.2% of the total carbon emissions. On the 50th percentile, HTML represents 1.9%, JavaScript 30%, CSS around 4.4%, images almost 57.4% and fonts around 6.3% of the total carbon emissions. On the 25th percentile, HTML represents 2.4%, JavaScript 38.8%, CSS around 5.2%, images 48.3% and fonts around 5.3% of the total carbon emissions. On the 10th percentile, HTML represents 3.8%, JavaScript 53.4%, CSS around 3.6%, images 39.2% and fonts 0% of the total carbon emissions.",
caption="Number of requests by percentile by type on mobile",
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description="A column chart showing that on mobile devices, on the 90th percentile we find 14 requests targeting Html content, 60 requests for javascript resources, almost 24 requests for Css, around 70 requests fetching images and 8 requests for fonts.. On the 75th percentile, there are 6 Html requests, 37 Javascript requests, 12 Css requests, 39 images requests and 5 Fonts requests. On the 50th percentile, we can see 2 Html requests, 20 javascript requests, 6 Css requests, 22 images and 3 fonts requests. On the 25th percentile, there are 1 Html, 9 javascript, 3 Css, 10 images and 1 font requests. On the 10h percentile, we find 1Html, 4 javascript, 1 Css, 6 images and 1 font requests.",
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description="A column chart showing that on mobile devices, on the 90th percentile we find 14 requests targeting HTML content, 60 requests for javascript resources, almost 24 requests for CSS, around 70 requests fetching images and 8 requests for fonts.. On the 75th percentile, there are 6 HTML requests, 37 JavaScript requests, 12 CSS requests, 39 images requests and 5 Fonts requests. On the 50th percentile, we can see 2 HTML requests, 20 javascript requests, 6 CSS requests, 22 images and 3 fonts requests. On the 25th percentile, there are 1 HTML, 9 javascript, 3 CSS, 10 images and 1 font requests. On the 10h percentile, we find 1Html, 4 javascript, 1 CSS, 6 images and 1 font requests.",
caption="Number of bytes by percentile by type on mobile",
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description="A column chart showing that on mobile devices, on the 90th percentile we find 135 KB of Html, around 1,367 KB of Javascript, 256 KB of Css, 5,475 KB of images and 338 KB of fonts. On the 75th percentile it goes down at 67 KB of Html, 857 KB of Javascript, 139 KB of Css, 2,402 KB of images and 191 KB of fonts. On the 50th percentile we found 30 KB of Html, 461 KB of Javascript, 68 KB of Css, 881 KB of images and 97 KB of fonts. On the 25th percentile there is 13 KB of Html, 209 KB of Javascript, 28 KB of Css, 260 KB of images and 29 KB of fonts. On the 10th percentile there is 6 KB of Html, 87 KB of Javascript, 6 KB of Css, 64 KB of images and 0 KB of fonts.",
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description="A column chart showing that on mobile devices, on the 90th percentile we find 135 KB of HTML, around 1,367 KB of JavaScript, 256 KB of CSS, 5,475 KB of images and 338 KB of fonts. On the 75th percentile it goes down at 67 KB of HTML, 857 KB of JavaScript, 139 KB of CSS, 2,402 KB of images and 191 KB of fonts. On the 50th percentile we found 30 KB of HTML, 461 KB of JavaScript, 68 KB of CSS, 881 KB of images and 97 KB of fonts. On the 25th percentile there is 13 KB of HTML, 209 KB of JavaScript, 28 KB of CSS, 260 KB of images and 29 KB of fonts. On the 10th percentile there is 6 KB of HTML, 87 KB of JavaScript, 6 KB of CSS, 64 KB of images and 0 KB of fonts.",
@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@ Unused CSS is especially found when using CSS frameworks (Bootstrap and others).
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{{ figure_markup(
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image="unused-css-bytes.png",
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caption="Unused Css bytes",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile there is 221 KB of unused Css on desktop and 218 KB on mobile, on the 75th percentile it's 117 KB on desktop and 113 KB on mobile, on the 50th percentile 52 KB on desktop and 49 KB on mobile. On the 25th percentile we found 19 KB of unused Css on desktop and 17 KB on mobile. Lastly, we saw 0 KB of unused Css on the 10th percentile on either desktop and mobile",
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caption="Unused CSS bytes",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile there is 221 KB of unused CSS on desktop and 218 KB on mobile, on the 75th percentile it's 117 KB on desktop and 113 KB on mobile, on the 50th percentile 52 KB on desktop and 49 KB on mobile. On the 25th percentile we found 19 KB of unused CSS on desktop and 17 KB on mobile. Lastly, we saw 0 KB of unused CSS on the 10th percentile on either desktop and mobile",
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{{ figure_markup(
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image="unused-javascript-bytes.png",
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caption="Unused Javascript bytes",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile there is 645 KB of unused Javascript on desktop and 604 KB on mobile, on the 75th percentile it's 372 KB on desktop and 342 KB on mobile, on the 50th percentile 177 KB on desktop and 162 KB on mobile. On the 25th percentile we found 69 KB of unused Javascript on desktop and 62 KB on mobile. Lastly, we saw 0 KB of unused Javascript on the 10th percentile on either desktop and mobile",
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caption="Unused JavaScript bytes",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile there is 645 KB of unused JavaScript on desktop and 604 KB on mobile, on the 75th percentile it's 372 KB on desktop and 342 KB on mobile, on the 50th percentile 177 KB on desktop and 162 KB on mobile. On the 25th percentile we found 69 KB of unused JavaScript on desktop and 62 KB on mobile. Lastly, we saw 0 KB of unused JavaScript on the 10th percentile on either desktop and mobile",
@@ -479,8 +479,8 @@ Minifying JavaScript involves removing unnecessary characters for the browser, m
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{{ figure_markup(
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image="unminified-javascript-savings.png",
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caption="Unminified Javascript savings",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile 40 KB of Javascript could be saved on desktop and 36 KB on mobile if using Js minifying. On the 75th percentile 10 KB of Javascript could be saved on desktop and 9 KB on mobile. On the 50th, 25th and 10th percentile we see no KB savings, this is explained by the usage of Javascript minifying already in place on those websites.",
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caption="Unminified JavaScript savings",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile 40 KB of JavaScript could be saved on desktop and 36 KB on mobile if using Js minifying. On the 75th percentile 10 KB of JavaScript could be saved on desktop and 9 KB on mobile. On the 50th, 25th and 10th percentile we see no KB savings, this is explained by the usage of JavaScript minifying already in place on those websites.",
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ Inlining code is bad practice, even more for sustainability. Making your HTML he
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{{ figure_markup(
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image="script-usage.png",
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caption="Script usage",
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description="A bar chart showing that on desktop 34% of javascript is inline and the other 66% is external. On mobile, 35% of Javascript is inline and 65% comes from external files.",
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description="A bar chart showing that on desktop 34% of javascript is inline and the other 66% is external. On mobile, 35% of JavaScript is inline and 65% comes from external files.",
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ As with CSS, minifying JavaScript involves removing unnecessary characters for t
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{{ figure_markup(
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image="unminified-css-savings.png",
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caption="Unminified Css savings",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile 15 KB of Css could be saved on desktop and 14 KB on mobile if using Css minifying. On the 75th percentile 5 KB of Css could be saved on desktop and 4 KB on mobile. On the 50th, 25th and 10th percentile we see no KB savings, this is explained by the usage of Css minifying already in place on those websites.",
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caption="Unminified CSS savings",
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description="A column chart showing that on the 90th percentile 15 KB of CSS could be saved on desktop and 14 KB on mobile if using CSS minifying. On the 75th percentile 5 KB of CSS could be saved on desktop and 4 KB on mobile. On the 50th, 25th and 10th percentile we see no KB savings, this is explained by the usage of CSS minifying already in place on those websites.",
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: src/content/fr/2022/jamstack.md
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@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Cela produit un autre cas particulier: beaucoup de sites sont cachés! Même des
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### Est-ce qu'un site Jamstack doit utiliser du JavaScript?
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Nous avons décidé qu'un site Jamstack ne doit pas nécessairement utiliser du JavaScript. Beaucoup de sites Jamstack le font, bien sûr: le "J" de Jamstack a été utilisé pour représenter "JavaScript", après tout. Mais, même la plus vieille des définition de Jamstack disait explicitement que l'utilisation du JavaScript était optionnel – un site complètement statique sans Javascript est bien toujours Jamstack.
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Nous avons décidé qu'un site Jamstack ne doit pas nécessairement utiliser du JavaScript. Beaucoup de sites Jamstack le font, bien sûr: le "J" de Jamstack a été utilisé pour représenter "JavaScript", après tout. Mais, même la plus vieille des définition de Jamstack disait explicitement que l'utilisation du JavaScript était optionnel – un site complètement statique sans JavaScript est bien toujours Jamstack.
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### Est-ce qu'utiliser la Jamstack signifie utiliser un framework spécifique?
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@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Donc, nous avons vraiment regardé à chacun des sous-ensembles distincts des si
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Nous avons utilisé les identifiants de framework fourni par Wappalyzer, ce qui signifie que (comme nous l'avons mentionné plus tôt) certains des frameworks "invisibles" comme Eleventy ne peuvent pas être comptés ou analysés.
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Wappalyzer a une distinction arbitraire entre les "frameworks web" et les "frameworks Javascript". Voici le top 10 des frameworks Javascript pour la totalité du web:
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Wappalyzer a une distinction arbitraire entre les "frameworks web" et les "frameworks JavaScript". Voici le top 10 des frameworks JavaScript pour la totalité du web:
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{{ figure_markup(
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caption="Frameworks JavaScript utilisés par tous les sites.",
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)
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}}
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Une bonne question ici est: pourquoi Next.js et Nuxt.js sont considérés comme des frameworks web, mais Vue.js et React sont considérés comme des frameworks Javascript? Mais, en laissant ça de côté, nous voyons que le framework Microsoft's ASP.Net est extrêmement populaire à travers le web, ainsi que Ruby on Rails. A quoi est-ce que cela ressemble dans la Jamstack ?
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Une bonne question ici est: pourquoi Next.js et Nuxt.js sont considérés comme des frameworks web, mais Vue.js et React sont considérés comme des frameworks JavaScript? Mais, en laissant ça de côté, nous voyons que le framework Microsoft's ASP.Net est extrêmement populaire à travers le web, ainsi que Ruby on Rails. A quoi est-ce que cela ressemble dans la Jamstack ?
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{{ figure_markup(
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caption="Framework web utilisé par des sites Jamstack.",
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: src/content/nl/2019/accessibility.md
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#### Indicatoren van verplichte en ongeldige velden
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Als we een veld tegenkomen met een grote rode asterisk ernaast, weten we dat dit een verplicht veld is. Of als we op verzenden klikken en te horen krijgen dat er ongeldige invoer was, moet alles wat in een andere kleur is gemarkeerd, worden gecorrigeerd en vervolgens opnieuw worden ingediend. Mensen met een laag of geen zicht kunnen echter niet vertrouwen op deze visuele aanwijzingen, daarom zijn de HTML-invoerattributen `required`, `aria-required` en `aria-invalid` zo belangrijk. Ze bieden schermlezers het equivalent van rode asterisken en rood gemarkeerde velden. Als een leuke bonus, wanneer u browsers informeert welke velden vereist zijn, zullen ze [delen van uw formulieren valideren](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Forms/Form_validation) voor u. Geen Javascript nodig.
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Als we een veld tegenkomen met een grote rode asterisk ernaast, weten we dat dit een verplicht veld is. Of als we op verzenden klikken en te horen krijgen dat er ongeldige invoer was, moet alles wat in een andere kleur is gemarkeerd, worden gecorrigeerd en vervolgens opnieuw worden ingediend. Mensen met een laag of geen zicht kunnen echter niet vertrouwen op deze visuele aanwijzingen, daarom zijn de HTML-invoerattributen `required`, `aria-required` en `aria-invalid` zo belangrijk. Ze bieden schermlezers het equivalent van rode asterisken en rood gemarkeerde velden. Als een leuke bonus, wanneer u browsers informeert welke velden vereist zijn, zullen ze [delen van uw formulieren valideren](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Forms/Form_validation) voor u. Geen JavaScript nodig.
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Van de pagina's die formulieren gebruiken, gebruikt 21,73% `required` of `aria-required` bij het markeren van verplichte velden. Slechts één op de vijf sites maakt hiervan gebruik. Dit is een eenvoudige stap om uw site toegankelijk te maken en biedt alle gebruikers handige browserfuncties.
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