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GC corruption with Enzyme cache modification #785

Closed
Closed
GC corruption with Enzyme cache modification#785
@gdalle

Description

@gdalle
gdalle
opened on May 6, 2025

While working on #782 I observed a very weird bug on the example inspired by #766. I compute a Jacobian with Enzyme, then I run a completely unrelated BenchmarkTools command and the REPL crashes:

GC error (probable corruption)
Allocations: 47629904 (Pool: 47628617; Big: 1287); GC: 34

Interestingly, the crash doesn't happen...

  • with the main branch of DifferentiationInterface
  • or if I don't compute the Jacobian beforehand
  • or if I run the benchmark in a function instead of the global scope
  • or if I use Chairmarks instead of BenchmarkTools

EDIT1: BenchmarkTools is no longer a suspect, the bug still appears when we replace @benchmarl 1+1 with GC.gc(true).

MWE:

# setup

using Pkg
Pkg.activate(; temp=true)
Pkg.add(;
    url="https://github.com/JuliaDiff/DifferentiationInterface.jl",
    subdir="DifferentiationInterface",
    rev="gd/enzyme_cache",
)
Pkg.add(["BenchmarkTools", "Enzyme"])

Pkg.status()
versioninfo()

# actual code

using BenchmarkTools
using DifferentiationInterface
using Enzyme: Enzyme
const DI = DifferentiationInterface

function f!(y, x, c)
    copyto!(c.a[1], x)
    c.a[1] = c.b[1] .+ 1
    copyto!(y, c.b[1])
    return nothing
end

# begin block (no crash if this block is run in a function)
x = rand(4)
y = similar(x)
c = (; a=[similar(x)], b=[similar(x)])
f!(y, x, c)
backend = AutoEnzyme(; mode=Enzyme.Forward)
prep = DI.prepare_jacobian(f!, y, backend, x, Cache(c))
DI.jacobian(f!, y, prep, backend, x, Cache(c))  # no crash if this is skipped
@benchmark 1 + 1
# end block

Error:

Details 
julia> @benchmark 1 + 1
GC error (probable corruption)
Allocations: 47629904 (Pool: 47628617; Big: 1287); GC: 34
<?#0x303df08a0::Memory{Any}(4, 0x301576520)[
  ntuple(Base.var"#181#183"{Tuple{Int64}, Tuple{Bool}, Tuple{Int64}, Array{Symbol, 1}}, Int64) from ntuple(F, Integer) where {F},
  #<null>,
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  #<null>]>

thread 0 ptr queue:
~~~~~~~~~~ ptr queue top ~~~~~~~~~~
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Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.nothing, owner=Core.Binding(value=nothing, globalref=Core.nothing, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.rand, owner=Core.Binding(value=Base.rand, globalref=Base.rand, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=#<null>, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x10b05ff20)[0.60356, 0.450652, 0.564336, 0.599159]), globalref=Main.x, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.Vector, owner=Core.Binding(value=Array{T, 1} where T, globalref=Base.Vector, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.similar, owner=Core.Binding(value=Base.similar, globalref=Base.similar, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=#<null>, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x10a7b0520)[6.3952e-314, 0, 0, 0]), globalref=Main.y, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=(a=Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x3038a1b80)[Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x108beed20)[1, 1, 1, 1])]), b=Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x3038a1be0)[Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x303911260)[6.3952e-314, 0, 0, 0])])), globalref=Main.c, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.AutoEnzyme, owner=Core.Binding(value=ADTypes.AutoEnzyme{M, A} where A where M, globalref=ADTypes.AutoEnzyme, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=ADTypes.AutoEnzyme{EnzymeCore.ForwardMode{false, EnzymeCore.FFIABI, false, false}, Nothing}(mode=EnzymeCore.ForwardMode{false, EnzymeCore.FFIABI, false, false}()), globalref=Main.backend, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x00)
==========
Core.Binding(value=#<null>, globalref=Main.Cache, owner=Core.Binding(value=DifferentiationInterface.Cache{T} where T, globalref=DifferentiationInterface.Cache, owner=<circular reference @-1>, ty=Any, flags=0x07), ty=#<null>, flags=0x00)
==========
Array{NTuple{4, Array{Float64, 1}}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{NTuple{4, Array{Float64, 1}}}(1, 0x301f651a0)[(Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65060)[1, 0, 0, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f650e0)[0, 1, 0, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65120)[0, 0, 1, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65160)[0, 0, 0, 1]))])
==========
Array{NTuple{4, Array{Float64, 1}}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{NTuple{4, Array{Float64, 1}}}(1, 0x301f652e0)[(Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f651e0)[0, 0, 0, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65220)[0, 0, 0, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65260)[0, 0, 0, 0]), Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f652a0)[0, 0, 0, 0]))])
==========
Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x301bdd020)[Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x108beed60)[0, 0, 0, 0])])
==========
Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x301bdd080)[Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f65360)[0, 0, 0, 0])])
==========
Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x301bdd0e0)[Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeCache(argescapes=Array{Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeInfo, 1}(dims=(3,), mem=Memory{Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeInfo}(3, 0x303df07a0)[Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeInfo(escape_bits=0x00), Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeInfo(escape_bits=0x01), Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgEscapeInfo(escape_bits=0x00)]), argaliases=Array{Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgAliasing, 1}(dims=(0,), mem=Memory{Core.Compiler.EscapeAnalysis.ArgAliasing}(0, 0x11a008260)[]))])
==========
Array{Array{Float64, 1}, 1}(dims=(1,), mem=Memory{Array{Float64, 1}}(1, 0x301bdd140)[Array{Float64, 1}(dims=(4,), mem=Memory{Float64}(4, 0x301f653e0)[0, 0, 0, 0])])
==========
~~~~~~~~~~ ptr queue bottom ~~~~~~~~~~

[11821] signal 6: Abort trap: 6
in expression starting at REPL[14]:1
__pthread_kill at /usr/lib/system/libsystem_kernel.dylib (unknown line)
Allocations: 47629904 (Pool: 47628617; Big: 1287); GC: 34
[1]    11821 abort      julia

Versions:

Details 
julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.11.5
Commit 760b2e5b739 (2025-04-14 06:53 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: macOS (arm64-apple-darwin24.0.0)
  CPU: 11 × Apple M3 Pro
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, apple-m2)
Threads: 1 default, 0 interactive, 1 GC (on 5 virtual cores)

julia> Pkg.status()
Status `/private/var/folders/pt/myrxq2gs5hzcp79v5475_dh40000gp/T/jl_VFcwsH/Project.toml`
  [6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.0
  [a0c0ee7d] DifferentiationInterface v0.6.53 `https://github.com/JuliaDiff/DifferentiationInterface.jl:DifferentiationInterface#gd/enzyme_cache`
  [7da242da] Enzyme v0.13.41

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