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<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>asphaltbuffet dev blog – asphaltbuffet dev blog</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/</link><description>Recent content on asphaltbuffet dev blog</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>en</language><atom:link href="https://asphaltbuffet.com/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Automated Fixes for My Failures</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/jj-background-fetch/</link><pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 20:29:52 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/jj-background-fetch/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;I constantly open a repo in my terminal and start making changes and then rebase at some point when I realize that I never ran &lt;code&gt;jj git fetch&lt;/code&gt; and now I have divergent changes, conflicts, etc. At some point a reasonable person stops repeating the action because they learn from their mistakes. To me, it seems like a decent reason to automate the problem away.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I might as well do some overengineering it while I&amp;rsquo;m at it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The concept was fairly simple: run &lt;code&gt;jj git fetch --all-remotes&lt;/code&gt; in every jujutsu repo under &lt;code&gt;~/dev/&lt;/code&gt; on a schedule, without me involved. A systemd user timer felt like the right shape — it runs independently of any shell session, survives reboots, and integrates with system logging out of the box. The implementation ended up being a justafiable excuse to use &lt;code&gt;pkgs.writeShellApplication&lt;/code&gt;, which I like using whenever I can (I don&amp;rsquo;t know why). It&amp;rsquo;s good tho. I&amp;rsquo;m going to tell you about it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The Timer Is the Easy Part&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="the-timer-is-the-easy-part"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#the-timer-is-the-easy-part" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;systemd user timers in home-manager are not bad. Two blocks in &lt;code&gt;home/modules/jj/default.nix&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;systemd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;jj-git-fetch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Unit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Description&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Fetch all jj repos under ~/dev&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;After&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;network-online.target&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Service&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Type&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;oneshot&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ExecStart&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;${&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;fetchScript&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;/bin/jj-git-fetch-all&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;systemd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;timers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;jj-git-fetch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Unit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;Description&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Periodic jj git fetch for all repos under ~/dev&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Timer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;OnBootSec&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;5m&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;OnUnitActiveSec&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;15m&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Persistent&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="no"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;Install&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;WantedBy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;timers.target&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
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title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;OnBootSec = &amp;quot;5m&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; gives the network a moment to exist before trying to do something. &lt;code&gt;OnUnitActiveSec = &amp;quot;15m&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; fires every fifteen minutes after that. &lt;code&gt;Persistent = true&lt;/code&gt; is probably not absolutely necessary in this case — if the laptop was asleep at the scheduled time, the timer will catch up on next boot (since this runs every 15 minutes, it&amp;rsquo;s not really saving us much here).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;fetchScript&lt;/code&gt; is a &lt;code&gt;let&lt;/code&gt; binding pointing at the shell script package, which we&amp;rsquo;ll get to. &lt;em&gt;Spoilers&amp;hellip;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Look at my package!&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="look-at-my-package"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#look-at-my-package" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, &lt;a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#trivial-builder-writeShellScript"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;writeShellScript&lt;/a&gt; is a file, but &lt;a href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#trivial-builder-writeShellApplication"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;writeShellApplication&lt;/a&gt; is a package. Here&amp;rsquo;s where things get interesting. Nix gives you two primitives for packaging shell scripts:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pkgs.writeShellScript&lt;/code&gt; produces a single derivation containing a script file. That&amp;rsquo;s it. You get a path you can reference. You&amp;rsquo;re responsible for making sure every tool the script calls is available at runtime, either by hard-coding store paths or hoping the environment has them. There&amp;rsquo;s no build-time validation. If the script has a syntax error or calls a tool that isn&amp;rsquo;t in &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;, you find out when the script fails at runtime. Change your path later and forget about the script? Yeah, you get an error whenever that script runs&amp;hellip; yay!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;pkgs.writeShellApplication&lt;/code&gt; produces a proper package with a &lt;code&gt;bin/&lt;/code&gt; subdirectory. When you build it, Nix automatically:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Prepends &lt;code&gt;set -euo pipefail&lt;/code&gt; — so the script fails fast on errors, unset variables, and broken pipes without you remembering to do that&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Runs &lt;code&gt;shellcheck&lt;/code&gt; at &lt;em&gt;build time&lt;/em&gt; — if your script has a bug, &lt;code&gt;nix build&lt;/code&gt; fails, not the systemd unit three days later&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Manages &lt;code&gt;runtimeInputs&lt;/code&gt; — tools listed there are on &lt;code&gt;$PATH&lt;/code&gt; inside the script, resolved to their store paths automatically, no hard-coding needed&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;runtimeInputs&lt;/code&gt; pattern is quite pleasant. Instead of writing &lt;code&gt;${pkgs.fd}/bin/fd&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;${pkgs.jujutsu}/bin/jj&lt;/code&gt; inline, you declare them:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# home/modules/jj/fetch-script.nix&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pkgs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;pkgs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;writeShellApplication&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;jj-git-fetch-all&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;runtimeInputs&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;with&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pkgs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;curl&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;fd&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;systemd&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;jujutsu&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;text&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;builtins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;readFile&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="sr"&gt;./jj-git-fetch.sh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
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title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;And then the script itself just calls &lt;code&gt;fd&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;jj&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;curl&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;systemd-cat&lt;/code&gt; — short names, no store paths, the way you&amp;rsquo;d write a script for any system (and makes importing scripts really seamless). The derivation takes care of resolving them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I split the package definition into its own file (&lt;code&gt;fetch-script.nix&lt;/code&gt;) and referenced it from &lt;code&gt;default.nix&lt;/code&gt; via &lt;code&gt;import ./fetch-script.nix {inherit pkgs;}&lt;/code&gt;. Simple, not &lt;code&gt;callPackage&lt;/code&gt; — the package only needs &lt;code&gt;pkgs&lt;/code&gt;, so pulling in the full overlay machinery would be overkill.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Finding my point (and some repos)&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="finding-my-point-and-some-repos"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#finding-my-point-and-some-repos" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;The script uses &lt;code&gt;fd&lt;/code&gt; to discover the appropriate repos by looking for &lt;code&gt;.jj/&lt;/code&gt; directories:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;repos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;$(&lt;/span&gt;fd --type d --hidden --no-ignore &lt;span class="s1"&gt;&amp;#39;^\.jj$&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$HOME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;/dev&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; 2&amp;gt;/dev/null &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;read&lt;/span&gt; -r jjdir&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; dirname &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$jjdir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;done)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
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title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;fd '^\.jj$'&lt;/code&gt; finds directories named exactly &lt;code&gt;.jj&lt;/code&gt; (regex anchored at both ends), anywhere under &lt;code&gt;~/dev/&lt;/code&gt;, including nested paths. &lt;code&gt;dirname&lt;/code&gt; walks each result up one level to get the repo root. This handles repos at any depth without knowing the naming convention in advance — a flat &lt;code&gt;~/dev/foo/&lt;/code&gt;, a grouped &lt;code&gt;~/dev/work/client/project/&lt;/code&gt;, whatever.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The alternative would be a glob like &lt;code&gt;~/dev/*/&lt;/code&gt;, which only finds repos one level deep and relies on a consistent directory structure.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I could probably collapse the whole discovery-and-fetch loop into a single &lt;code&gt;fd&lt;/code&gt; invocation using &lt;code&gt;-x&lt;/code&gt; to run &lt;code&gt;jj git fetch&lt;/code&gt; once per result — something like &lt;code&gt;fd --type d --hidden --no-ignore '^\.jj$' &amp;quot;$HOME/dev&amp;quot; -x jj --repository '{//}' git fetch --all-remotes&lt;/code&gt;. Cleaner, no &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; loop, no intermediate variable. I didn&amp;rsquo;t feel like debugging &lt;code&gt;fd&lt;/code&gt;&amp;rsquo;s placeholder syntax at the time, and the loop works fine. I&amp;rsquo;m not really doing this to learn something today.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The Network Check: Good Enough&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="the-network-check-good-enough"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#the-network-check-good-enough" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before doing anything, the script checks whether GitHub is reachable:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; ! curl --silent --head --fail --max-time &lt;span class="m"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; https://github.com &amp;gt; /dev/null 2&amp;gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;echo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;jj-git-fetch: network unavailable or github unreachable, skipping&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="se"&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; systemd-cat -t jj-git-fetch -p info
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;exit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="m"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note &lt;code&gt;exit 0&lt;/code&gt; — the unit exits clean when the network is down. That&amp;rsquo;s intentional. A failed unit shows up as failed in &lt;code&gt;systemctl --user status jj-git-fetch&lt;/code&gt;, and I don&amp;rsquo;t want to stare at red text every morning just because the service fired before the VPN connected. If GitHub is unreachable, the right move is to quietly skip and try again in fifteen minutes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The check is specifically for GitHub and not a generic connectivity check (pinging 8.8.8.8, say) because fetching is only useful if the remote is reachable. A working LAN connection with no internet access would pass a generic ping and then immediately fail on every &lt;code&gt;jj git fetch&lt;/code&gt;. This way the check and the work are testing the same thing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Per-Repo Logging and Failure Tracking&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="per-repo-logging-and-failure-tracking"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#per-repo-logging-and-failure-tracking" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;failed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="m"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nv"&gt;IFS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;read&lt;/span&gt; -r repo&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;do&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;echo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;jj-git-fetch: fetching &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$repo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; systemd-cat -t jj-git-fetch -p info
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; ! jj --repository &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$repo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; git fetch --all-remotes 2&amp;gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="m"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="se"&gt;\
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; systemd-cat -t jj-git-fetch -p info&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;then&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nb"&gt;echo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;jj-git-fetch: FAILED for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$repo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; systemd-cat -t jj-git-fetch -p err
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nv"&gt;failed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="m"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;done&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$repos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;exit&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$failed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Each repo gets its own log lines at &lt;code&gt;info&lt;/code&gt; priority. Failures are logged at &lt;code&gt;err&lt;/code&gt; priority, which means they show up more prominently in &lt;code&gt;journalctl --user -t jj-git-fetch -p err&lt;/code&gt;. The script continues through all repos regardless — a failure in one shouldn&amp;rsquo;t skip the others. If any repo failed, the overall exit code is nonzero, which marks the systemd unit as failed and makes the problem visible in &lt;code&gt;systemctl --user status&lt;/code&gt;. Yes, this could get noisy. No, I don&amp;rsquo;t care right now.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;journalctl --user -t jj-git-fetch&lt;/code&gt; gives a clean view of just this service&amp;rsquo;s output, timestamped, across all runs.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The 1Password Detour&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="the-1password-detour"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#the-1password-detour" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;In an earlier attempt, I tried a pre-check: &lt;code&gt;op whoami&lt;/code&gt;, to see if 1Password was authenticated before attempting fetches. The idea was that I use SSH keys managed by 1Password&amp;rsquo;s SSH agent, so if 1Password wasn&amp;rsquo;t running, the fetch would fail anyway.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Not quite the right approach though: &lt;code&gt;op whoami&lt;/code&gt; returns nonzero unless the 1Password desktop app is fully signed in, but even when executing &lt;code&gt;jj git fetch&lt;/code&gt; manually was fine, the check failed. I just got rid of the check and figured if a fetch fails because auth isn&amp;rsquo;t available, it can log the failure per-repo and move on. That&amp;rsquo;s a better signal than a blanket early exit based on a condition that wasn&amp;rsquo;t actually relevant.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;It Works&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="it-works"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#it-works" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ systemctl --user list-timers --all
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;Mon 2026-05-19 20:02:47 EDT 13min Mon 2026-05-19 19:47:47 EDT 1min ago jj-git-fetch.timer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ journalctl --user -t jj-git-fetch
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;19&lt;/span&gt; 19:47:47 wendigo jj-git-fetch&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;12053&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: jj-git-fetch: fetching /home/grue/dev/blog
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;19&lt;/span&gt; 19:47:49 wendigo jj-git-fetch&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;12053&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: jj-git-fetch: fetching /home/grue/dev/nix-config
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;19&lt;/span&gt; 19:47:52 wendigo jj-git-fetch&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;12053&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: jj-git-fetch: fetching /home/grue/dev/wherehouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Repos fetched, no intervention required, logs readable via &lt;code&gt;journalctl&lt;/code&gt;. The timer fires, does its thing, and disappears. Next run in thirteen minutes.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Rooting around in .local/bin</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/nixos-local-bin-path/</link><pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/nixos-local-bin-path/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;Claude Code&amp;rsquo;s &lt;code&gt;/doctor&lt;/code&gt; command told me &lt;code&gt;~/.local/bin&lt;/code&gt; wasn&amp;rsquo;t in my &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;. That&amp;rsquo;s where it installs its native binary. Simple fix, right?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The symptom was easy to reproduce: open a new shell, run &lt;code&gt;echo $PATH&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;~/.local/bin&lt;/code&gt; is nowhere in there. Claude Code was installed fine; it just couldn&amp;rsquo;t find itself.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I&amp;rsquo;d just make sure that the path was configured in my &lt;code&gt;.zshrc&lt;/code&gt; and all would be good. Since it&amp;rsquo;s NixOS, the obvious fix from home-manager was with &lt;code&gt;home.sessionPath&lt;/code&gt;. One line in &lt;code&gt;home/roles/base.nix&lt;/code&gt;, rebuild, done:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;home&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sessionPath&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;$HOME/.local/bin&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tried it. Rebuilt. Ran &lt;code&gt;exec zsh&lt;/code&gt;. Opened Claude Code. Ran &lt;code&gt;/doctor&lt;/code&gt;. Still broken.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;In Which I Learn How NixOS Boots a Shell&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="in-which-i-learn-how-nixos-boots-a-shell"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#in-which-i-learn-how-nixos-boots-a-shell" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so NixOS generates a script called &lt;code&gt;set-environment&lt;/code&gt; at build time. You can find the one currently running your shell at something like &lt;code&gt;/nix/store/&amp;lt;hash&amp;gt;-set-environment&lt;/code&gt;. It gets sourced via &lt;code&gt;/etc/zshenv&lt;/code&gt; on every shell start, and it does this:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;export&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nv"&gt;PATH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$HOME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;/.nix-profile/bin:/run/current-system/sw/bin:/nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A hard &lt;code&gt;export PATH=&lt;/code&gt;. Not &lt;code&gt;PATH=&amp;quot;something:$PATH&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt;. A fresh path every time. Usually a good thing to prevent cruft building up, but now important stuff was missing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;home-manager&amp;rsquo;s &lt;code&gt;hm-session-vars.sh&lt;/code&gt; — which &lt;strong&gt;does&lt;/strong&gt; correctly add &lt;code&gt;~/.local/bin&lt;/code&gt; — runs &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; &lt;code&gt;/etc/zshenv&lt;/code&gt;. So it sets the path, and then NixOS immediately resets it. The entry is right there in &lt;code&gt;hm-session-vars.sh&lt;/code&gt; if you go looking:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;export&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nv"&gt;PATH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$HOME&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;/.local/bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;${&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;PATH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:+:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nv"&gt;$PATH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Was this documented anywhere obvious? I mean, &lt;em&gt;probably&lt;/em&gt;, but I didn&amp;rsquo;t do a lot of investigation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The Actual Fix&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="the-actual-fix"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#the-actual-fix" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Searching online got me to a better option pretty quickly: NixOS has &lt;a href="https://search.nixos.org/options?query=localBinInPath"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;code&gt;environment.localBinInPath&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Setting it to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; injects &lt;code&gt;~/.local/bin&lt;/code&gt; directly into the &lt;code&gt;set-environment&lt;/code&gt; script, so it survives the reset.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;One line in &lt;code&gt;nixos/profiles/base.nix&lt;/code&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;environment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;localBinInPath&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="no"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rebuild. New shell. &lt;code&gt;~/.local/bin&lt;/code&gt; is in &lt;code&gt;$PATH&lt;/code&gt;. Claude Code&amp;rsquo;s &lt;code&gt;/doctor&lt;/code&gt; command goes quiet. Mission accomplished.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Onions and Parfaits&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="onions-and-parfaits"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#onions-and-parfaits" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are layers here I didn&amp;rsquo;t consider, and the lesson isn&amp;rsquo;t subtle: on NixOS, if something isn&amp;rsquo;t in the &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt; that &lt;code&gt;set-environment&lt;/code&gt; builds, it isn&amp;rsquo;t in your &lt;code&gt;PATH&lt;/code&gt;. Full stop. home-manager&amp;rsquo;s &lt;code&gt;sessionPath&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;sessionVariables&lt;/code&gt;, anything in &lt;code&gt;hm-session-vars.sh&lt;/code&gt; — all of it happens &lt;em&gt;before&lt;/em&gt; the hard reset. Anything you want to survive has to come from the NixOS level.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Was &lt;code&gt;home.sessionPath&lt;/code&gt; the wrong tool? Yes. Would I have tried it first anyway? Also, yes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ &lt;span class="nb"&gt;echo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nv"&gt;$PATH&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; tr &lt;span class="s1"&gt;&amp;#39;:&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s1"&gt;&amp;#39;\n&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; grep &lt;span class="nb"&gt;local&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;/home/grue/.local/bin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Good enough.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Two Hours of NixOS Config I Didn't Need</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/nixos-undocked/</link><pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 22:34:26 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/nixos-undocked/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;Docks are basically plug-and-play, right? So if the monitor isn&amp;rsquo;t working, there must be a setting that&amp;rsquo;s off somewhere. This will be easy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;(narrator voice: it would not, in fact, be easy)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The hardware path is simple: ThinkPad T14 Gen1 (Intel) connects via USB-C to a Lenovo dock, dock connects via HDMI to a TESmart 4K@60Hz 4:4:4 KVM, KVM connects to a monitor. When I plug the laptop directly into the KVM via HDMI, video works perfectly. When that same HDMI cable runs through the dock, the laptop doesn&amp;rsquo;t detect any external monitor at all. Keyboard and mouse on the dock work fine. This is the worst kind of partial failure — where I seriously wondered if the problem was me all along.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The correct diagnosis would have taken five seconds. I did not find it in five seconds.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;The Reasonable Wrong Answer&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="the-reasonable-wrong-answer"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#the-reasonable-wrong-answer" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;USB-C dock on a Thunderbolt-capable laptop, video not working. The obvious suspect is Thunderbolt authorization. Linux requires Thunderbolt devices to be explicitly authorized before they can pass video — the &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; daemon handles this, and the security level on most systems defaults to &lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;secure&lt;/code&gt;, which means unrecognized devices are blocked until approved. USB peripherals (keyboard, mouse) work because they&amp;rsquo;re enumerated through the USB controller, not the Thunderbolt controller. DisplayPort Alt Mode video goes through Thunderbolt. If &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; isn&amp;rsquo;t running, or if the device hasn&amp;rsquo;t been authorized, it would look exactly like what I saw.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Turns out, that reasoning is entirely correct. For a Thunderbolt dock.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My T14-specific NixOS profile (&lt;code&gt;nixos/profiles/laptop/t14.nix&lt;/code&gt;) looked like this before I touched it:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;inputs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;imports&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="sr"&gt;./.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="sr"&gt;./power.nix&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;inputs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;nixos-hardware&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;nixosModules&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;lenovo-thinkpad-t14-intel-gen1&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sensible. Minimal. I made it worse:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;hardware&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;bolt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;enable&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="no"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;boot&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;kernelParams&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;i915.enable_dp_mst=1&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; line enables the Thunderbolt daemon and, because KDE Plasma ships &lt;code&gt;plasma-thunderbolt&lt;/code&gt;, you get a little system tray widget to authorize devices. The &lt;code&gt;i915.enable_dp_mst=1&lt;/code&gt; was purely speculative — I threw it in because some docks have an internal DisplayPort Multi-Stream Transport hub that needs MST support from the GPU driver, and I figured it couldn&amp;rsquo;t hurt. (I was correct here, it didn&amp;rsquo;t hurt. More precisely, the only thing it accomplished was &amp;ldquo;not hurting&amp;rdquo;).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Build was clean. &lt;code&gt;nh os build&lt;/code&gt; added &lt;code&gt;bolt 0.9.8&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;plasma-thunderbolt 6.6.4&lt;/code&gt;. After &lt;code&gt;just switch&lt;/code&gt; and a reboot:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ systemctl status bolt
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;● bolt.service - Thunderbolt system service
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; Active: active &lt;span class="o"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;running&lt;span class="o"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; ...
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;05&lt;/span&gt; 17:59:24 wendigo boltd&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;5619&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: udev: found &lt;span class="m"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt; domain
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;05&lt;/span&gt; 17:59:24 wendigo boltd&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;5619&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: udev: enumerating devices
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;May &lt;span class="m"&gt;05&lt;/span&gt; 17:59:44 wendigo boltd&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;5619&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: power: setting force_power to OFF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ boltctl list
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;# (no output)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;udev: found 0 domain&lt;/code&gt;. The kernel isn&amp;rsquo;t exposing any Thunderbolt domains at all. &lt;code&gt;boltctl list&lt;/code&gt; is silent. The dock isn&amp;rsquo;t showing up because, from the kernel&amp;rsquo;s perspective, there is no Thunderbolt controller talking to anything. This wasn&amp;rsquo;t a configuration problem; the hardware wasn&amp;rsquo;t what I assumed it was.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I reverted both changes and went to look at what was actually there.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;lsusb. Obviously. Run lsusb &amp;ldquo;First&amp;rdquo;&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="lsusb-obviously-run-lsusb-first"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#lsusb-obviously-run-lsusb-first" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;The diagnostic I should have started with:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ sudo dmesg &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; rg -i &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;thunderbolt|usb4|tbt&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; 0.015200&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000A652D000 001F15 &lt;span class="o"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;v02 LENOVO WHL_Tbt_ ...&lt;span class="o"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; 6.155008&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; ACPI: bus &lt;span class="nb"&gt;type&lt;/span&gt; thunderbolt registered&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Only ACPI table entries — the firmware knows Thunderbolt exists as a bus type, but no actual controller was probed, no domain registered. Then:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ sudo dmesg &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; rg -i &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;i915|drm|displaylink&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; 4.119714&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; usb 2-2.2: New USB device found, &lt;span class="nv"&gt;idVendor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;17e9, &lt;span class="nv"&gt;idProduct&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;6015, &lt;span class="nv"&gt;bcdDevice&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;31.04
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; 4.119719&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; usb 2-2.2: Manufacturer: DisplayLink&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hmm&amp;hellip; &lt;code&gt;Manufacturer: DisplayLink&lt;/code&gt;. Let&amp;rsquo;s just dig in there a little deeper:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ lsusb
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;Bus &lt;span class="m"&gt;002&lt;/span&gt; Device 003: ID 17e9:6015 DisplayLink ThinkPad Hybrid USB-C with USB-A Dock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There&amp;rsquo;s the dock&amp;rsquo;s full product name: &lt;strong&gt;ThinkPad Hybrid USB-C with USB-A Dock&lt;/strong&gt;. The word &amp;ldquo;Hybrid&amp;rdquo; is doing a lot of work there, and I&amp;rsquo;d completely missed it. Lenovo designed this dock to connect to hosts via either USB-C &lt;em&gt;or&lt;/em&gt; USB-A — because USB-A has no DisplayPort Alt Mode capability at all, they couldn&amp;rsquo;t build it around native video passthrough. Instead, the dock contains a DisplayLink USB graphics chip that compresses the framebuffer, ships it over USB, and decompresses it in the dock. The graphics chip doesn&amp;rsquo;t care whether the host connected via USB-C or USB-A; it just needs USB bandwidth.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The architecture difference matters enormously for driver requirements:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;thead&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;Architecture&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;How video works&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;Driver required&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/thead&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;DP Alt Mode&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;GPU drives display directly via repurposed USB-C lanes&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;None (native i915)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Thunderbolt 3/4&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;DP signal tunneled through the TB controller&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;None (bolt for auth)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;DisplayLink&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;CPU compresses framebuffer, sent over USB to the dock chip&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Proprietary kernel module + userspace daemon&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A native DP Alt Mode dock just works on Linux. A Thunderbolt dock needs &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; for authorization but otherwise just works. A DisplayLink dock needs a proprietary kernel module (&lt;code&gt;evdi&lt;/code&gt;) and a closed-source userspace daemon from Synaptics. I had the wrong dock for the thing I wanted — zero-config Linux compatibility.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Was this clear from the product name? In retrospect, absolutely. Would I have noticed it without the &lt;code&gt;lsusb&lt;/code&gt; output slapping me in the face? Shmaybe?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;In Which I Briefly Try to Make DisplayLink Work&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="in-which-i-briefly-try-to-make-displaylink-work"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#in-which-i-briefly-try-to-make-displaylink-work" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Look, I knew this was unlikely to go well &amp;ndash; but I already had several browser tabs open.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href="https://www.synaptics.com/products/displaylink-usb-graphics-software-ubuntu-62"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;DisplayLink Linux package&lt;/a&gt; lives in nixpkgs under &lt;code&gt;pkgs/os-specific/linux/displaylink/default.nix&lt;/code&gt;. It uses &lt;code&gt;requireFile&lt;/code&gt; because Synaptics&amp;rsquo;s license prohibits redistribution — you have to manually download the installer and &lt;code&gt;nix-store --add-fixed&lt;/code&gt; it yourself. The NixOS module lives at &lt;code&gt;nixos/modules/hardware/video/displaylink.nix&lt;/code&gt;. I should have read it before trying anything. I skipped reading it before trying anything.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Easy enough to activate: &lt;code&gt;services.xserver.videoDrivers = [&amp;quot;displaylink&amp;quot;]&lt;/code&gt;. The module keys off that list to decide whether to load &lt;code&gt;evdi&lt;/code&gt; and start the &lt;code&gt;dlm.service&lt;/code&gt; daemon.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;After finding the correct option name, I actually opened the module source. Here&amp;rsquo;s the relevant piece:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;let&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;enabled&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;lib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;elem&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;displaylink&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;config&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;xserver&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;videoDrivers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;config&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;lib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;mkIf&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;enabled&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;boot&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;extraModulePackages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;evdi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;boot&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;kernelModules&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;evdi&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;xserver&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;externallyConfiguredDrivers&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;displaylink&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;];&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;environment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;etc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;X11/xorg.conf.d/40-displaylink.conf&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;text&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s1"&gt;&amp;#39;&amp;#39;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; Section &amp;#34;OutputClass&amp;#34;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; Identifier &amp;#34;DisplayLink&amp;#34;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; MatchDriver &amp;#34;evdi&amp;#34;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; Driver &amp;#34;modesetting&amp;#34;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; ...
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; EndSection
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; &amp;#39;&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;xserver&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;displayManager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sessionCommands&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s1"&gt;&amp;#39;&amp;#39;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;${&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;lib&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getBin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;pkgs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;xrandr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="si"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;/bin/xrandr --setprovideroutputsource 1 0
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt; &amp;#39;&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;systemd&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;services&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;dlm&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;description&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;DisplayLink Manager Service&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;...&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;externallyConfiguredDrivers&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;xrandr --setprovideroutputsource&lt;/code&gt;. Every single piece of this module is X11 plumbing. The laptop profile defaults to Wayland. KDE Plasma 6 on Wayland ignores &lt;code&gt;xorg.conf.d&lt;/code&gt; entirely, doesn&amp;rsquo;t use &lt;code&gt;xrandr&lt;/code&gt; for output management, and doesn&amp;rsquo;t load the Xorg &lt;code&gt;modesetting&lt;/code&gt; driver at all.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;DisplayLink on Wayland is an unresolved upstream problem. Synaptics has been working on it, but it&amp;rsquo;s not production-ready in 2026, and nothing in this NixOS module moves that needle. The community workaround is forcing the session back to X11, which trades away Wayland features/improvements in exchange for getting a dock working — a dock that, by the way, introduces CPU overhead for every frame rendered, because all of that framebuffer compression happens on the host CPU.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Well&amp;hellip; crap. The hardware problem may not be something with a software solution afterall. I&amp;rsquo;m as shocked as you are.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Actually Solving It&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="actually-solving-it"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#actually-solving-it" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;My requirements aren&amp;rsquo;t too complicated:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;HDMI 2.0 output (the TESmart KVM does 4:4:4 chroma at 4K@60Hz; HDMI 1.4 won&amp;rsquo;t do it)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Gigabit Ethernet&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;65W+ Power Delivery (T14 and X1 Carbon charging)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;USB-C host connection&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DP Alt Mode — explicitly not DisplayLink&lt;/strong&gt; (see everything above)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The easiest way to verify #5 before buying is &lt;code&gt;lsusb&lt;/code&gt; output from someone who already owns the dock. That is a level of planning and thoroughness that I am clearly not going to start doing now.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Plugable &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/Plugable-USB-Multiport-Adapter-Ethernet/dp/B08NXV94QM"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;USBC-7IN1E&lt;/a&gt; landed at the top of the shortlist. Plugable explicitly documents &lt;a href="https://kb.plugable.com/does-the-usbc-7in1e-support-hdmi-displays-at-4k-60hz"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;4K@60Hz HDMI support&lt;/a&gt; and maintains a &lt;a href="https://kb.plugable.com/understanding-usb-c-alt-mode"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;USB-C Alt Mode explainer&lt;/a&gt; that makes the architecture clear. Around $40–45, driverless, and they explicitly list Linux compatibility. The &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/Anker-PowerExpand-Adapter-Delivery-Ethernet/dp/B087QZVQJX"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Anker 555 (A8383)&lt;/a&gt; is a credible alternative in the same price range, though Anker doesn&amp;rsquo;t officially support Linux (it works in practice). The &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/Targus-Multi-Function-DisplayPort-Docking-DOCK430USZ/dp/B07X441JKQ"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Targus DOCK430USZ&lt;/a&gt; and refurbished &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/Lenovo-ThinkPad-Universal-USB-C-Dock/dp/B09DNL4C9J"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Lenovo 40AY0090US&lt;/a&gt; are both solid options if you want something closer to enterprise-grade, at roughly $60–100.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Arch Linux forums have &lt;a href="https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=259408"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;a useful thread on T14 + USB-C + 4K&lt;/a&gt; that confirms the chroma subsampling behavior and validates that native DP Alt Mode docks just work without touching the kernel or xorg config.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note the naming pattern: the dock I &lt;strong&gt;don&amp;rsquo;t&lt;/strong&gt; want is the &lt;em&gt;Hybrid&lt;/em&gt; USB-C with USB-A dock. The dock I &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; want is the &lt;em&gt;Universal&lt;/em&gt; USB-C Dock, the &lt;em&gt;USB-C 7-in-1&lt;/em&gt;, the straightforward naming that doesn&amp;rsquo;t require a compatibility matrix. &amp;ldquo;Hybrid&amp;rdquo; means &amp;ldquo;we needed it to work with USB-A hosts, so we put a DisplayLink chip inside.&amp;rdquo; That&amp;rsquo;s a real engineering constraint Lenovo solved reasonably well — it&amp;rsquo;s just not compatible with what I&amp;rsquo;m trying to do.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;What I Should Have Done&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="what-i-should-have-done"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#what-i-should-have-done" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;lsusb&lt;/code&gt;. That&amp;rsquo;s it. Five seconds.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;$ lsusb &lt;span class="p"&gt;|&lt;/span&gt; grep -i lenovo
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;Bus &lt;span class="m"&gt;002&lt;/span&gt; Device 003: ID 17e9:6015 DisplayLink ThinkPad Hybrid USB-C with USB-A Dock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;17e9&lt;/code&gt; is DisplayLink. The word &amp;ldquo;Hybrid&amp;rdquo; is in the name. Everything else that followed — the Thunderbolt hypothesis, the &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; daemon, the speculative &lt;code&gt;i915.enable_dp_mst=1&lt;/code&gt;, the X11-only module audit — all of it was downstream of not checking what hardware was actually present before starting to theorize.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The second thing I should have done: one change at a time. I added &lt;code&gt;bolt&lt;/code&gt; and the kernel parameter together, which meant when the fix didn&amp;rsquo;t work, I had two things to unwind and no signal about which (if either) had done anything. Each hypothesis gets one change, one rebuild, one test. This is obvious advice that I ignored because I was confident in my diagnosis. That confidence was misplaced.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The third thing: read the module source before enabling it. &lt;code&gt;nixos/modules/hardware/video/displaylink.nix&lt;/code&gt; has &lt;code&gt;xrandr&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;sessionCommands&lt;/code&gt;. That&amp;rsquo;s an immediate tell — &lt;code&gt;xrandr&lt;/code&gt; doesn&amp;rsquo;t manage Wayland outputs. I would have known in thirty seconds that this path was going nowhere.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Hardware problems shouldn&amp;rsquo;t have software solutions. A DisplayLink dock on a Wayland system in 2026 is not a NixOS configuration gap; it&amp;rsquo;s an upstream compatibility gap that no amount of declarative config can paper over. The right response is a $45 dock with native Alt Mode support, not a creative workaround for a proprietary graphics protocol designed to run over USB 3.0. To be fair, I could just switch away from Wayland and I&amp;rsquo;d be fine. Apparently I&amp;rsquo;ve decided that I want the small dopamine hit from buying something shiny instead.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;t14.nix&lt;/code&gt; is back to its original five lines. Nothing changed. The new dock is in the mail.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Monitoring my HVAC</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/</link><pubDate>Sun, 27 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;When I want to know &lt;a href="https://sumzim.com/supply-vs-return-vents"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;how well my HVAC system is working&lt;/a&gt;, smart thermostats and ad-hoc checks don&amp;rsquo;t get me as far as I&amp;rsquo;d like. That means it&amp;rsquo;s time to create an entire system to monitor that information and present it graphically. This is normal, right?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/in-situ.jpg"
alt="HVAC sensor installed in-situ"&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Requirements&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="requirements"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#requirements" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Overall, I didn&amp;rsquo;t want to spend much money on this. Yes, time is money, blah blah blah. Learning new tech offsets the cost of time, and it&amp;rsquo;s a better use of late-night chill time than playing a game anyway. Plus, spoilers&amp;hellip; there are graphs. That broad overview gave me the following criteria:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Don&amp;rsquo;t buy much extra stuff. Keep it less than $20 spending.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Easy to set up and keep running.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The initial scale is one sensor. Don&amp;rsquo;t optimize until later, if ever.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Choices, Choices, Choices&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="choices-choices-choices"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#choices-choices-choices" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Selecting the brains&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="selecting-the-brains"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#selecting-the-brains" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have a box of microcontrollers in my project area. First, I was going to use a &lt;a href="https://www.beagleboard.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;BeagleBoard&lt;/a&gt; that I got ~10 years ago at the &lt;a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221101/https://events17.linuxfoundation.org/events/archive/2013/embedded-linux-conference"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Embedded Linux Conference&lt;/a&gt;. However, I could not find a power adapter for it, so after 20 minutes of searching, I nixed that idea.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I considered using a &lt;a href="https://www.raspberrypi.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;raspberry pi&lt;/a&gt;, but even though I have a couple spares, I didn&amp;rsquo;t want that level of overkill to get a couple temp readings sent to the cloud.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Oh, but the handful of &lt;a href="https://docs.arduino.cc/retired/boards/arduino-ethernet-rev3-with-poe"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Arduino Ethernet boards that have PoE&lt;/a&gt;? Yes, please. It takes care of my need to plug into power (sort of, we&amp;rsquo;ll cover this later). 32k of memory should be fine (yeah, we&amp;rsquo;ll touch on this later too). The temp probes that I have will work fine with this and require minimal breadboard work.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Selecting the sensors&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="selecting-the-sensors"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#selecting-the-sensors" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;This took no time. I needed something I could insert into holes in our ductwork that our HVAC guy cut several months ago. I wanted to use these since it meant that it would get readings from the same place they do for efficiency checks, and I could do less permanent damage to our HVAC system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I also had two &lt;a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221101/https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/DS18B20.pdf"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;DS18B20&lt;/a&gt; sensors laying around from a forgotten project. They are waterproof with long enough cords to work well around the furnace. As a bonus, they use a digital signal so I could use a couple of them on the same input on the arduino without worrying about collisions. This would be really handy later.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Selecting the backend tooling&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="selecting-the-backend-tooling"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#selecting-the-backend-tooling" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I wanted to use &lt;a href="https://mqtt.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;MQTT&lt;/a&gt; for sensor communication so that I wasn&amp;rsquo;t creating my own protocol. There are a lot of alternatives that I never even considered using. Why? I know people who use MQTT at work. The availability of resources to sanity-check my work meets my goals for #2 really well.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Database and visualization were chosen via similar criteria. I&amp;rsquo;ve used &lt;a href="https://grafana.com/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Grafana&lt;/a&gt; a lot recently to create dashboards, and there&amp;rsquo;s a free cloud version that gets me through proof-of-concept. Same deal with &lt;a href="https://www.timescale.com/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Timescale&lt;/a&gt;. The additional benefit of these technologies is that I can spin up instances at home for free later if I want to keep this party going. Or, I can decide to pay for the fully-managed versions in the cloud. This is a problem for future me and I&amp;rsquo;m good for now with what I have.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Sensor Development&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="sensor-development"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#sensor-development" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Wiring the Parts Together&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="wiring-the-parts-together"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#wiring-the-parts-together" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/hotpants-breadboard.png"
alt="Sensor wired on breadboard"&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The sensor hardware itself was planned to be as plug-and-play as possible. I &lt;a href="https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/karmette/basic-led-setup-for-beginners-0a124a"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;added an LED&lt;/a&gt; later to see flashy lights. It adds very little value since I am not spending much time in the room where this lives. The LED functionality isn&amp;rsquo;t even in the code I walk through below as it&amp;rsquo;s there as a debug tool more than anything, but I may update that source code later if I decide to leave it in.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/blink.gif"
alt="LED blinking on the sensor board"&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Sensor Programming&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="sensor-programming"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#sensor-programming" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I started with the sensor ready and no real design. Was this a mistake? Yes. Would I do it the same next time? Also, yes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Honestly, the project software is fairly simple so skipping the design meant that now I need to redo a few things to get my data structured better and clean up a few edge cases for failures. It works as is, but it&amp;rsquo;s not pretty. Warts will be highlighted as we go. Grab the popcorn and follow along on the journey!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Initially, I had planned to set up &lt;a href="https://tinygo.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;TinyGo&lt;/a&gt; and program the boards that way. I have not used TinyGo before. As of this post, I still have not used TinyGo. Arduino provides a web editor for creating sketches and installing them on boards with a minimal tool download. This was easy. See #2 criteria for information on why I went this route.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I tackled the sensor programming in the following order:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Get temp readings working&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Get the network connection working&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Get MQTT communication working&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Send temp readings via MQTT&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Reading in temps&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="reading-in-temps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#reading-in-temps" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately, there&amp;rsquo;s already an Arduino library for the sensors I used. I only needed to include &lt;code&gt;OneWire.h&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DallasTemperature.h&lt;/code&gt; for the software to function. I found a reference on &lt;a href="https://raspberryautomation.com/connect-multiple-ds18b20-temperature-sensors-to-a-raspberry-pi"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;wiring up multiple sensors&lt;/a&gt; that worked right away. In an hour or so, I had the following:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-arduino" data-lang="arduino"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// OneWire - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;OneWire.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// DallasTemperature - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;DallasTemperature.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;SPI.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;Ethernet.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// hardware config
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;OneWire&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;oneWire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ONE_WIRE_BUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;DallasTemperature&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;oneWire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// take reading every 60s
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;interval&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;6000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;unsigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Useful for debugging purposes
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;begin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;9600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;begin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;loop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;unsigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;millis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;interval&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Sensor loop #&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// save last time message sent
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Get temp(s)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;requestTemperatures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getDeviceCount&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Reading temp #&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getTempCByIndex&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;));&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Running this code, I was getting two readings every minute&amp;hellip; oops. No, every 6 seconds. It&amp;rsquo;s helpful to remember that Arduino tracks &amp;ldquo;time&amp;rdquo; in milliseconds. My math was off, but it was fine here. I fixed that and moved to the next area. The next area was not connecting to the network. Instead, I distracted myself by tweaking the output.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;JSON&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="json"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#json" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I realized that parsing a message with unstructured text would be a pain. I had not done design, remember, but I was getting a tickle in my head where I knew that moment would arrive soon. I substituted some long, solid engineering planning with a spur-of-the-moment design that later would prove to be insufficient.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nobody wants to write JSON with print statements though. No, you don&amp;rsquo;t. Stop. There&amp;rsquo;s a library for that too. I still have more than half my program space left on the board at this point; no worries. Plus, ArduinoJson has a nice &lt;a href="https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/generator/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;example&lt;/a&gt; I could borrow from.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I can just include &lt;code&gt;ArduinoJson.h&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ArduinoJson.hpp&lt;/code&gt; to create a serializable variable for json. This would be awesome when I got around to adding MQTT. But I didn&amp;rsquo;t know that yet. I was just going to print it to the console. It just needed a few tweaks to the code.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;First, add some &lt;code&gt;const char *&lt;/code&gt; variables for the json keys. Doing this statically means that the JSON object can be smaller since the library will link to those instead of trying to store them separately.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-arduino" data-lang="arduino"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;readingKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;reading_idx&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tempsKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;temps&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Next, create the JSON document and populate it. BUT&amp;hellip; this is static, so I needed to use a &lt;a href="https://arduinojson.org/v6/assistant"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;tool&lt;/a&gt; (from the same place that created the library) to calculate the size I&amp;rsquo;d need. This worked well. I did it wrong later, but it worked well. Eventually, I added more strings and some were dynamic. I never updated this value. It will probably have memory issues at some point. Sorry, future-me!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-arduino" data-lang="arduino"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;StaticJsonDocument&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;nameKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;readingKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;JsonArray&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;createNestedArray&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;tempsKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getDeviceCount&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Reading temp #&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;add&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getTempCByIndex&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;));&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;serializeJson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Networking (oops, also everything else)&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="networking-oops-also-everything-else"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#networking-oops-also-everything-else" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;It&amp;rsquo;s a very good idea to change one thing at a time. I am quite capable of identifying that as a best practice. I am not as skilled when I need to actually follow my own advice. When I added network support. I simultaneously added MQTT as well. I lucked out that none of it is that difficult or complicated. It worked on the third or fourth try. Most issues were with me doing dumb things when I tried to verify communication; not in the actual sensor code itself.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The final code (which is running on my sensor right now) is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-arduino" data-lang="arduino"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="err"&gt;```&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;arduino&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// ArduinoJson - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;ArduinoJson.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;ArduinoJson.hpp&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// OneWire - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;OneWire.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// DallasTemperature - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;DallasTemperature.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// ArduinoMqttClient - Version: Latest
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;ArduinoMqttClient.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;SPI.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#include&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="cpf"&gt;&amp;lt;Ethernet.h&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// hardware config
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="cp"&gt;#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 2
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;OneWire&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;oneWire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ONE_WIRE_BUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;DallasTemperature&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;oneWire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Set your MAC address
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;byte&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0x90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0xA2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0xDA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0x00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0x95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mh"&gt;0x0F&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;};&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;90:a2:da:00:95:0f&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;nameKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;name&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;readingKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;reading_idx&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;tempsKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;temps&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;broker&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;test.mosquitto.org&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;port&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1883&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;char&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;dataTopic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Hotpants/data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// take reading every 60s
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;const&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;interval&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;60000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;unsigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Ethernet and MQTT related objects
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;EthernetClient&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;ethClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;MqttClient&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;ethClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;setup&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Useful for debugging purposes
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;begin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;9600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Start the ethernet connection (DHCP)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Attempting to connect to network&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;Ethernet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;begin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;mac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;==&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// failed, retry
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;delay&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;3000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;You&amp;#39;re connected to the network. IP address = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nc"&gt;Ethernet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;localIP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;());&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Attempt to connect to the server
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Attempting to connect to MQTT broker: &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;broker&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;connect&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;broker&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;port&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Connection established&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;else&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;MQTT connection failed. Error code = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;connectError&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;());&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// block if unable to establish connection
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;while&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;begin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;void&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;loop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// This is needed at the top of the loop!
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;poll&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;unsigned&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;long&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nf"&gt;millis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;interval&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// save last time message sent
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;previousMillis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;currentMillis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Get temp(s)
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;requestTemperatures&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;StaticJsonDocument&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;nameKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;name&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;readingKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;JsonArray&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;createNestedArray&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;tempsKey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getDeviceCount&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;int&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;temp_count&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;++&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Reading temp #&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;add&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;sensors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;getTempCByIndex&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;));&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;Sending message. Topic = &amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;dataTopic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;serializeJson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c1"&gt;// send message
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;beginMessage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;dataTopic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;serializeJson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;doc&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;mqttClient&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;endMessage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nc"&gt;Serial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;println&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="n"&gt;count&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;+&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="o"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mi"&gt;128&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are a few issues that I need to address.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;If the MQTT connection dies. You have to manually restart the sensor. This is not ideal.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The mac address, broker, topic, etc. are all hardcoded in the sketch. This is annoying if I want to change anything. I have to disconnect the sensor from the furnace area, bring to my desk, reprogram and take it back. I have some small microSD cards to use and create a config to read in some values, but that&amp;rsquo;s for a later enhancement.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;I&amp;rsquo;m running at about 90% program space used. Adding other functionality may require some optimization.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;I never send any information about the sensor itself via MQTT. This would be helpful for later use (mac address, sensor type, etc.)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The biggest problem&amp;hellip; I&amp;rsquo;m sending the temps in Celcius. Normally fine, but I want to see the HVAC Evaporator temp delta in Fahrenheit. I convert this later, but that&amp;rsquo;s dumb. I will change this very soon.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;It&amp;rsquo;s annoying, but I am taking readings if the furnace is on or off. I don&amp;rsquo;t really care what the readings are when it&amp;rsquo;s off. They are meaningless. So I will need to add in a different mechanism to detect if the furnace is turned on and send readings then. I have a &lt;a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221101/https://www.pes-psrc.org/kb/published/reports/Use%20of%20Hall%20Effect%20Sensors%20for%20Protection%20and%20Monitoring%20Applications%20-%20March%202018.pdf"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;few ideas&lt;/a&gt; on how to do this but haven&amp;rsquo;t done any further work than that.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Backend Development&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="backend-development"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#backend-development" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MQTT Broker&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="mqtt-broker"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#mqtt-broker" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I started off by using &lt;code&gt;test.mosquitto.org&lt;/code&gt; and realized it works fine for what I&amp;rsquo;m doing now. I will eventually change this to be hosted locally, but not now. It works well enough for who it&amp;rsquo;s for (that&amp;rsquo;s me, btw).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Timescale&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="timescale"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#timescale" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I was going to do this locally. I installed postgresql on my linux server. I&amp;rsquo;m not including what I did for that because I haven&amp;rsquo;t used it at all. I created a Timescale Cloud account and which is free for 30 days. In a month, I&amp;rsquo;ll check to see how much that would cost me to avoid maintaining it locally. The setup with their instructions had me up and running within 20 minutes. A+ rating from me so far.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Grafana&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="grafana"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#grafana" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Another free trial instance that is sufficient for what I need in a proof-of-concept. I will probably use a local instance here eventually, but it&amp;rsquo;s working as is for now.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Service Development: The Glue (aka shortshorts)&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="service-development-the-glue-aka-shortshorts"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#service-development-the-glue-aka-shortshorts" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;I briefly looked to see if there was a handy service that would take my MQTT data and magically put it into Timescale. No luck. Some things &lt;strong&gt;sorta&lt;/strong&gt; do that. But I haven&amp;rsquo;t done any projects in Go that have networking, async communication, or contexts. Let&amp;rsquo;s roll up our sleeves and figure out 50% of the battle GI Joe was talking about.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As a brief aside&amp;hellip; The name &amp;ldquo;shortshorts&amp;rdquo; has very little meaning to this project. I needed a name for the MQTT topic and had chosen &amp;ldquo;Hotpants&amp;rdquo; as it seemed funny at 1am when I was developing that part. I didn&amp;rsquo;t want the topic and this service to be named the same, but I wanted them to share a theme. Nothing further; no hidden meanings.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;My first pass at a go application to stitch this all together was simplistic. It connected to MQTT and printed the sensor data to the console. There was no lipstick on this pig. I pulled the majority of the code from a couple examples found on &lt;a href="https://github.com/CloudMQTT/go-mqtt-example/blob/22e6befea8ed6005090dfdce063aa7bd93e2279b/main.go"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;GitHub&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="https://levelup.gitconnected.com/how-to-use-mqtt-with-go-89c617915774"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;elsewhere&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Once I had that working, I needed to get it into Timescale. Now I must tell you how much I love Timescale for their documentation and examples. I could take almost everything I needed from their &lt;a href="https://docs.timescale.com/timescaledb/latest/quick-start/golang/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Go Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I had everything crammed into &lt;code&gt;main.go&lt;/code&gt; and it worked. I didn&amp;rsquo;t want to share that code with anyone at that point though. Time to &lt;a href="https://github.com/gbeletti/service-golang"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;make this more like a service&lt;/a&gt;, I thought. Hours passed. I ate a Thanksgiving meal and the leftovers. I had a hot mess of packages and channels; partially working, but nothing looked right. Time to use a lifeline and call a friend. One hour with Jack, and it looked really good. There are still warts, but they are self-inflicted and I&amp;rsquo;m ok with them for now.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Application Code Highlights&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="application-code-highlights"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#application-code-highlights" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;All of the go application code is &lt;a href="https://github.com/asphaltbuffet/shortshorts"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;available on GitHub&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The application flow starts in main (this should not be the interesting part of what I&amp;rsquo;m saying). I set up some contexts to help everything shut down nicely when it&amp;rsquo;s time, and make all the needed connections before I split off a thread for processing data. That all gets wrapped up with some shutdown logic and we have a decent core to build upon.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-golang" data-lang="golang"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;main&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;cancel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;context&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WithCancel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;context&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;())&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;tsdb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;dstream&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;client&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;start&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;go&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;processLoop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;dstream&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;tsdb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;servicemanager&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WaitShutdown&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;shutdown&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;cancel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;tsdb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;client&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The processing function loops forever until the context completes. Otherwise, it is reading data from the MQTT data stream channel.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-golang" data-lang="golang"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;processLoop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;context&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Context&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;chan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;string&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;tsdb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;timescalewrapper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Database&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;for&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;select&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;case&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ctx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Done&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;():&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;case&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;ds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Info&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;received sensor data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;String&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;topic&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;String&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;timescalewrapper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;SensorData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;json&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Unmarshal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;([]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;byte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;unmarshalling payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;String&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Debug&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;unmarshalling payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Any&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;reading&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;tsdb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;InsertData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;inserting data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Any&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;reading&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I also ended up using viper to pull configuration from a file. I could have used environmental variables or CLI arguments; I may still end up with either of those. Putting that in a simple YAML document is easy and works well. No more putting sensitive data into my source code. There&amp;rsquo;s no validation here and it feels like a kludge. It&amp;rsquo;s a TODO for later.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-golang" data-lang="golang"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;readConfig&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;string&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;SetConfigName&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;config&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;SetConfigType&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;yaml&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;AddConfigPath&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;ReadInConfig&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Panic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;reading config file&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;var&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;strings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Builder&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;postgres://&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.user&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;:&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.password&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;@&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.host&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;:&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.port&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;/&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.database&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;?sslmode=&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;WriteString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;viper&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;GetString&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;timescale.sslmode&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;sb&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;String&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the MQTT package, I set up my connection and create a subscription to the sensor data topic. This is where I populate the channel used elsewhere for data streaming.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-golang" data-lang="golang"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;client&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;mqtt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Client&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;msg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;mqtt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Message&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;datastream&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;lt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;string&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;msg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Topic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;string&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;msg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Payload&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;())}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;token&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;cli&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Subscribe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;topic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nb"&gt;byte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;qos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;token&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Wait&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;&amp;amp;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;token&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;logger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;error subscribing to topic&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;zap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;token&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;token&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Finally, putting the data into the database is fairly straightforward. I have a lot of the structure hardcoded and may want to make this a little more dynamic later to help with reducing the coupling between what I develop on the sensor and how that data gets into Timescale. That&amp;rsquo;s a low priority item, though, as I don&amp;rsquo;t expect to see a significant amount of churn here. There are only so many ways to send the readings I&amp;rsquo;m gathering. I could plan for additional complexity, but that violates at least two of my project criteria. YAGNI indeed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-golang" data-lang="golang"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="c1"&gt;// InsertData inserts the data into the database.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="kd"&gt;func&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;db&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Database&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;InsertData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;SensorData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kt"&gt;error&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;queryInsertData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;`INSERT INTO conditions (time, mac, temp_delta, raw_temp0, raw_temp1) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5)`&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;_&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;db&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;pool&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Exec&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;context&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;queryInsertData&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Now&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Mac&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Temps&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Temps&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Temps&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;],&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;Temps&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="mi"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;if&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;!=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;fmt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nf"&gt;Errorf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;inserting data: %w&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;err&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="k"&gt;return&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;nil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Results&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="results"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#results" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now, Faithful Reader, if you&amp;rsquo;ve made it this far&amp;hellip; what does this actually look like?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-json" data-lang="json"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;level&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;info&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;ts&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;2022-11-27T20:49:37.475-0500&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;caller&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;mqttwrapper/mqtt.go:43&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;msg&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Connected to broker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;broker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;level&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;info&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;ts&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;2022-11-27T20:49:37.565-0500&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;caller&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;mqttwrapper/mqtt.go:65&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;msg&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;successfully subscribed&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;topic&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Hotpants/data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;broker&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;tcp://test.mosquitto.org:1883&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;level&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;info&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;ts&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;2022-11-27T20:56:52.395-0500&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;caller&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;shortshorts/main.go:77&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;msg&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;received sensor data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;topic&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Hotpants/data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;{\&amp;#34;name\&amp;#34;:\&amp;#34;90:a2:da:00:95:0f\&amp;#34;,\&amp;#34;reading_idx\&amp;#34;:0,\&amp;#34;temps\&amp;#34;:[21.3125,20.6875]}&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;level&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;info&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;ts&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;2022-11-27T20:57:52.409-0500&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;caller&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;shortshorts/main.go:77&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;msg&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;received sensor data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;topic&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Hotpants/data&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;&amp;#34;payload&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;{\&amp;#34;name\&amp;#34;:\&amp;#34;90:a2:da:00:95:0f\&amp;#34;,\&amp;#34;reading_idx\&amp;#34;:1,\&amp;#34;temps\&amp;#34;:[21.25,20.625]}&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The logging fills up my terminal nicely and gives me an indication that things are working or not. I&amp;rsquo;ve found that the sensor stops reporting after a day or two. Power cycling brings it back online and I should really look into why that happens. I&amp;rsquo;m fairly certain it&amp;rsquo;s a memory issue on the sensor or a failure to recover from a dead MQTT connection.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/hvac-monitoring/grafana.png"
alt="Grafana dashboard showing HVAC sensor data"&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Grafana dashboard works well and shows me the information I was hoping to see. I believe my temperature probe for the HVAC return is improperly placed and needs to be adjusted. It never really increases when the system is running. It&amp;rsquo;s likely giving a reading of the basement ambient temp instead of air temps inside the return vent. I&amp;rsquo;ll tweak it a bit while monitoring the readings to check further. The other possibility is that my system is completely hosed and I need to call the HVAC company for service.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I wonder what they&amp;rsquo;d say if I send them this dashboard output as the reason for my service request?&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>SRI: Fixing Security Warnings</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/js-integrity/</link><pubDate>Sun, 17 Jul 2022 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/js-integrity/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;Running some static code scanning on my rendered site with &lt;a href="https://sonarcloud.io/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Sonarcloud&lt;/a&gt;, I found some potential security concerns with how I was loading the mermaid javascript.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/js-integrity/sonar-report.png" alt="Sonarcloud Scan Report" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Cooling off those hotspots!&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="cooling-off-those-hotspots"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#cooling-off-those-hotspots" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;An article on &lt;a href="https://blog.bitsrc.io/the-importance-of-integrity-checks-in-javascript-c6fde630e7"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Bits and Pieces&lt;/a&gt; had additional information on how to use SRI functionality in modern browsers. I used &lt;a href="https://www.srihash.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;srihash.org&lt;/a&gt; to calculate the hash for the mermaid js file. After that, it was easy enough to modify &lt;code&gt;layouts/partials/extend_head.html&lt;/code&gt; to include the integrity check:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-html" data-lang="html"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;{{ if .Page.Store.Get &amp;#34;hasMermaid&amp;#34; }}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;src&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid@9.1.3/dist/mermaid.min.js&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;integrity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;sha384-LnGjpNDrP4cp7MIk4CpRa/lPNclrf839ryYVFx1T1mPSV3RGAZ7nlBa7pqcyGY/K&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;crossorigin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;anonymous&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;mermaid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nx"&gt;initialize&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;({&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="nx"&gt;startOnLoad&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="kc"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;});&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;{{ end }}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I also switched to using a specific version of the js package so that the hash would have a static file. It&amp;rsquo;s good to keep that control over which versions of scripts are running, so there are no complaints here.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;An Important Detail&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="an-important-detail"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#an-important-detail" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;code&gt;crossorigin=&amp;quot;anonymous&amp;quot;&lt;/code&gt; part is crucial to making this effective.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Without a &lt;code&gt;crossorigin&lt;/code&gt; attribute, the browser will choose to &amp;lsquo;fail-open&amp;rsquo; which means it will load the resource as if the integrity attribute was not set, effectively losing all the security SRI brings in the first place.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;— &lt;a href="https://www.srihash.org/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;srihash.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;</description></item><item><title>Obsidian: Daily Notes</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/daily-notes/</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 Jul 2022 22:04:03 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/daily-notes/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;I love &lt;a href="https://bulletjournal.com/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Bullet Journaling&lt;/a&gt;. It has added a much-needed structure to my days and helped prevent essential things from falling through the cracks. However, it&amp;rsquo;s not always easy to switch back and forth to a written journal when my work is all digital. I also wanted a way to track script snippets in my journal so that I could easily copy-pasta later on when I needed to repeat actions from a previous day. I needed a way to digitize &lt;em&gt;some&lt;/em&gt; of my daily journal entries without the arduous task of completely duplicating my writing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Requirements&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="requirements"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#requirements" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Plain ol&amp;rsquo; vanilla Obsidian wasn&amp;rsquo;t going to cut it here. The following examples rely on the following plugins&lt;sup id="fnref:1"&gt;&lt;a href="#fn:1" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref"&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Templater&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Admonitions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Icon Shortcodes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Tasks&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Dataview&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Periodic Notes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Calendar&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Creating the files&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="creating-the-files"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#creating-the-files" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;I use Periodic Notes with Calendar to automatically create daily notes in my vault. The appropriate file is made in the right place by clicking on the current day (or previous days if I need to create retroactive entries). Calendar is essentially a UI for Periodic Notes in this case.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Periodic Notes&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="periodic-notes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#periodic-notes" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Periodic Notes plugin defines the title of a daily note file (.md). This needs to stay consistent, or you&amp;rsquo;ll be renaming files later so that the system links properly. I recommend thinking about this part the most at the beginning. Most other settings can be tweaked and refined; this one is essentially immutable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hx:overflow-x-auto hx:mt-6 hx:flex hx:rounded-lg hx:border hx:py-2 hx:ltr:pr-4 hx:rtl:pl-4 hx:contrast-more:border-current hx:contrast-more:dark:border-current hx:border-blue-200 hx:bg-blue-100 hx:text-blue-900 hx:dark:border-blue-200/30 hx:dark:bg-blue-900/30 hx:dark:text-blue-200"&gt;
&lt;div class="hx:ltr:pl-3 hx:ltr:pr-2 hx:rtl:pr-3 hx:rtl:pl-2"&gt;&lt;svg height=1.2em class="hx:inline-block hx:align-middle" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"&gt;&lt;path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M13 16h-1v-4h-1m1-4h.01M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"/&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hx:w-full hx:min-w-0 hx:leading-7"&gt;
&lt;div class="hx:mt-6 hx:leading-7 hx:first:mt-0"&gt;Do not set up the templating in Periodic Notes if you&amp;rsquo;ll be using folder templates in Templater. This may cause unexpected issues When repeating template evaluation.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Date Formats&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="date-formats"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#date-formats" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I changed most date formatting to match the same format in my written journal:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Daily&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;YYY.MM.DD - ddd&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;ldquo;2022.07.05 - Tue&amp;rdquo;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Weekly&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;gggg-[W]ww&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;ldquo;2022-W28&amp;rdquo;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Monthly&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;YYYY-MM&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;ldquo;2022-07&amp;rdquo;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Quarterly&lt;/strong&gt;: not configured/enabled; I haven&amp;rsquo;t found a use for quarterly notes yet&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yearly&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;code&gt;YYYY&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;&amp;ldquo;2022&amp;rdquo;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Templater&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="templater"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#templater" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regardless of what creates the daily entry, I want all files in my notes section to have the proper format. To do this, I set folder templates in Templater and trigger Templater on new file creation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure&gt;&lt;img src="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/daily-notes/folder-templates.png"
alt="Folder templates configured in Templater"&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In my vault, all periodic notes are in the &lt;code&gt;20-periodic-notes&lt;/code&gt; directory. There are sub-directories for daily (&lt;code&gt;21-daily&lt;/code&gt;), weekly (&lt;code&gt;22-weekly&lt;/code&gt;), etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Frontmatter&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="frontmatter"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#frontmatter" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nn"&gt;---&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;date created&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;% tp.file.creation_date(&amp;#39;dddd, MMMM Do, YYYY h:mm:ss a&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;date modified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;% tp.date.now(&amp;#39;dddd, MMMM Do, YYYY h:mm:ss a&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;aliases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;%*&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;var fileDate = moment(tp.file.title, &amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;// moment dates are mutable &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let prevDay = moment(fileDate).subtract(1, &amp;#39;d&amp;#39;).format(&amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let nextDay = moment(fileDate).add(1, &amp;#39;d&amp;#39;).format(&amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let yearLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let quarterLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY-[Q]Q&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let monthLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM&amp;#39;);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;let weekLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;gggg-[W]ww&amp;#39;); &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;-&lt;span class="l"&gt;%&amp;gt; &amp;#34;&amp;lt;% tp.file.title %&amp;gt;&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;tags&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;daily_note &amp;lt;% fileDate.format(&amp;#34;YYYYMMDD&amp;#34;) %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% weekLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% monthLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% quarterLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% yearLink %&amp;gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;tracking&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;sleep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;% tp.system.prompt(&amp;#34;Sleep (hrs):&amp;#34;, &amp;#34;0&amp;#34;, false) %&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;% tp.file.title %&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nn"&gt;---&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A &lt;strong&gt;lot&lt;/strong&gt; is going on here to set up the meta-information for each daily note.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;date created&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="l"&gt;&amp;lt;% tp.file.creation_date(&amp;#39;dddd, MMMM Do, YYYY h:mm:ss a&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If we start by looking at the first line, the power of Templater gets to show off a bit here.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Full Daily Template&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="full-daily-template"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#full-daily-template" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;---
date created: &amp;lt;% tp.file.creation_date(&amp;#39;dddd, MMMM Do, YYYY h:mm:ss a&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
date modified: &amp;lt;% tp.date.now(&amp;#39;dddd, MMMM Do, YYYY h:mm:ss a&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
aliases: &amp;lt;%*
var fileDate = moment(tp.file.title, &amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);
// moment dates are mutable
let prevDay = moment(fileDate).subtract(1, &amp;#39;d&amp;#39;).format(&amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);
let nextDay = moment(fileDate).add(1, &amp;#39;d&amp;#39;).format(&amp;#39;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&amp;#39;);
let yearLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY&amp;#39;);
let quarterLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY-[Q]Q&amp;#39;);
let monthLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM&amp;#39;);
let weekLink = fileDate.format(&amp;#39;gggg-[W]ww&amp;#39;);
-%&amp;gt; &amp;#34;&amp;lt;% tp.file.title %&amp;gt;&amp;#34;
tags: daily_note &amp;lt;% fileDate.format(&amp;#34;YYYYMMDD&amp;#34;) %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% weekLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% monthLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% quarterLink %&amp;gt; &amp;lt;% yearLink %&amp;gt;
tracking:
sleep: &amp;lt;% tp.system.prompt(&amp;#34;Sleep (hrs):&amp;#34;, &amp;#34;0&amp;#34;, false) %&amp;gt;
title: &amp;lt;% tp.file.title %&amp;gt;
---
&amp;lt;%*
// ❮❮ ⋮ 2021 › Q4 › 12 › W49 ⋮ ❯❯
// [[path/to/file|display_text]]
let navStr = `[[20-periodic-notes/21-daily/${prevDay}|❮❮]] ⋮ [[20-periodic-notes/25-yearly/${yearLink}|${yearLink}]] › [[20-periodic-notes/24-quarterly/${quarterLink}|${fileDate.format(&amp;#39;[Q]Q&amp;#39;)}]] › [[20-periodic-notes/23-monthly/${monthLink}|${fileDate.format(&amp;#39;MMM&amp;#39;)}]] › [[20-periodic-notes/22-weekly/${weekLink}|${fileDate.format(&amp;#39;[W]ww&amp;#39;)}]] ⋮ [[20-periodic-notes/21-daily/${nextDay}|❯❯]]`;
tR &amp;#43;= navStr
%&amp;gt;
# &amp;lt;% tp.file.title %&amp;gt;
## :fas_calendar_check: Agenda
&amp;gt; [!calendar]&amp;#43;
&amp;gt; ![[&amp;lt;% moment(fileDate).format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;#^&amp;lt;% moment(fileDate).format(&amp;#39;YYYYMMDD&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;]]
## :fas_list_check: Tasks
&amp;gt; [!overdue]&amp;#43;
&amp;gt; ```tasks
&amp;gt; not done
&amp;gt; due before &amp;lt;% fileDate.format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM-DD&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; ```
&amp;gt; [!unfinished]&amp;#43;
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt;```tasks
&amp;gt; not done
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; due on &amp;lt;% moment(fileDate).format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM-DD&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; short mode
&amp;gt; ```
&amp;gt; [!due-soon]-
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt;```tasks
&amp;gt; not done
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; due after &amp;lt;% moment(fileDate).format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM-DD&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; due before &amp;lt;% moment(fileDate).add(1, &amp;#39;w&amp;#39;).format(&amp;#39;YYYY-MM-DD&amp;#39;) %&amp;gt;
&amp;gt;
&amp;gt; short mode
&amp;gt; ```
## :fas_pen_nib: Notes
- …
^notes-link&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="footnotes" role="doc-endnotes"&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li id="fn:1"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I talk more about my setup in a &lt;a href="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/obsidian-setup/"&gt;previous post&lt;/a&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink"&gt;&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Obsidian Configuration</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/obsidian-setup/</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 Jul 2022 11:43:28 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/obsidian-setup/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;Here is the setup I&amp;rsquo;ve been using in &lt;a href="https://obsidian.md/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Obsidian&lt;/a&gt; since late March 2022. The default plugins and configuration would provide most of the functionality I want. However, I tweaked a few things to add more value than my &lt;a href="https://bulletjournal.com/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Bullet Journal&lt;/a&gt; could provide.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Plugins&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="plugins"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#plugins" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;I use quite a few plugins and have most of them configured uniquely. There are a few negatives to this approach:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;load time for obsidian is slow&lt;sup id="fnref:1"&gt;&lt;a href="#fn:1" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref"&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;keeping track of plugins is a bit of a pain&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;must manually synchronize/manage installed plugins&lt;sup id="fnref:2"&gt;&lt;a href="#fn:2" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref"&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That said, I&amp;rsquo;m happy with the current configuration.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Admonition&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="admonition"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#admonition" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/valentine195/obsidian-admonition"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/valentine195/obsidian-admonition?label=admonition%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest by date)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I&amp;rsquo;ve added a few custom admonition types.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These get used for daily/weekly/monthly notes when organizing my to-do lists. They also are a way to wrap information in correspondence tracking so that I can highlight important details. While not absolutely necessary, they are helpful and make the journaling look better organized.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Advanced Tables&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="advanced-tables"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#advanced-tables" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/tgrosinger/advanced-tables-obsidian"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/tgrosinger/advanced-tables-obsidian?label=advanced%20tables%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I use advanced tables so that I can be lazier when writing up information in journals. It auto-sizes the header to match the width of cell content. I used to do this manually by copy-pasta with &lt;a href="https://prettier.io/playground/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Prettier&lt;/a&gt;, but now I keep that all in the journal entry.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Calendar&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="calendar"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#calendar" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/liamcain/obsidian-calendar-plugin"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/liamcain/obsidian-calendar-plugin?label=Calendar%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I use this plugin extensively, multiple times a day. Not only does it give an easy way to move through daily logging, but it also makes it easier to create &lt;a href="#periodic-notes"&gt;periodic entries&lt;/a&gt; for weeks and months. While keyboard shortcuts can get me similar behavior, some days, I just want to use the mouse.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The only change that I made to the settings for this plugin was to show week numbers in a separate column. I use weekly notes to track my finished tasks for use in status meetings and other times when I want to skim through past accomplishments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Dataview&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="dataview"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#dataview" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/blacksmithgu/obsidian-dataview"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/blacksmithgu/obsidian-dataview?label=dataview%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rarely used by itself, this is necessary for &lt;a href="#templater"&gt;templates&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="#heatmap-calendar"&gt;heatmaps&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="#tasks"&gt;task lists&lt;/a&gt;. I enabled javascript queries to allow some other plugin functionality, but did not otherwise make any changes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Dynamic Table of Contents&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="dynamic-table-of-contents"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#dynamic-table-of-contents" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/aidurber/obsidian-plugin-dynamic-toc"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/aidurber/obsidian-plugin-dynamic-toc?label=dynamic%20TOC%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I have a few ToCs scattered throughout my journal. I generate most index lists in &lt;a href="#dataview"&gt;Dataview&lt;/a&gt;, so this is more of a nice-to-have. It is much more helpful when using Obsidian to draft other documents. I can keep the ToC updated automatically, then export that markdown file into another application without fiddling with some other editor&amp;rsquo;s ToC generation options.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Footnote Shortcut&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="footnote-shortcut"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#footnote-shortcut" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/MichaBrugger/obsidian-footnotes"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/MichaBrugger/obsidian-footnotes?label=footnote%20shortcut%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An easy way to create/edit/return from footnotes. I set my hotkey (done manually) to be &lt;code&gt;CMD&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;SHIFT&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;6&lt;/code&gt;. It&amp;rsquo;s the same shortcut as noted in the plugin documentation. Their reasoning made sense to me, and I didn&amp;rsquo;t want to think about it much more.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Heatmap Calendar&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="heatmap-calendar"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#heatmap-calendar" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/tgrosinger/advanced-tables-obsidian"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/tgrosinger/advanced-tables-obsidian?label=advanced%20tables%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The only heatmaps in my journal are two yearly trackers on my year pages. They aren&amp;rsquo;t really important or even that useful, but they look nice, so I keep this plugin around. If it gets updated to show monthly heatmaps, I have a few more items I&amp;rsquo;d like to track at that granularity.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There&amp;rsquo;s no configuration for this plugin, but I did change the date format for it to work since my daily entries do not follow the &lt;code&gt;YYYY-MM-DD&lt;/code&gt; format.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Icon Folder&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="icon-folder"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#icon-folder" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/FlorianWoelki/obsidian-icon-folder"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/FlorianWoelki/obsidian-icon-folder?label=icon%20folder%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It gives me visual reminders of folder contents and nothing else. Not really needed, but pretty, so it stays around.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Icon Shortcodes&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="icon-shortcodes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#icon-shortcodes" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/aidenlx/obsidian-icon-shortcodes"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/aidenlx/obsidian-icon-shortcodes?label=icon%20shortcodes%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most headers in my daily notes have an icon for recognition and visual appeal. Not required, but if I remove it now, I&amp;rsquo;d need to remove all the references from previous entries.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Linter&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="linter"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#linter" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/platers/obsidian-linter"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/platers/obsidian-linter?label=linter%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I configured this plugin more than most others. I have it set to lint when I save (&lt;code&gt;CTRL&lt;/code&gt; + &lt;code&gt;S&lt;/code&gt;) a file. I also configured it to ignore my template folder as the linter should not modify those files while template fields are present. I don&amp;rsquo;t remember which settings I&amp;rsquo;ve tweaked for linting. I sync this setting in github, so my style remains consistent across instances.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Natural Language Dates&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="natural-language-dates"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#natural-language-dates" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/argenos/nldates-obsidian"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/argenos/nldates-obsidian?label=natural%20language%20dates%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rarely used, this plugin is most likely to get removed from my set-up at some point. I keep it around at the moment so that I don&amp;rsquo;t have to think when I want to link to &lt;code&gt;@tomorrow&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;@yesterday&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I updated the date format to match my periodic note format and configured it to add the dates as a link.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Note Refactor&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="note-refactor"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#note-refactor" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/lynchjames/note-refactor-obsidian"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/lynchjames/note-refactor-obsidian?label=note%20refactor%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Helpful when I feel inclined to move a bunch of notes around and need to split out content.&lt;sup id="fnref:3"&gt;&lt;a href="#fn:3" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref"&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Less valuable in day-to-day operations. Another candidate for pruning soon.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Obsidian Git&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="obsidian-git"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#obsidian-git" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/denolehov/obsidian-git"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/denolehov/obsidian-git?label=obsidian%20git%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Configuring this was easy enough, but setting up git was more of a hassle. I usually do my development in Linux, so for Windows machines, I had to set up git with proper credentials to enable access to the private repo where I store my journal. Beyond that effort, I have the hostname set separately for each instance&amp;rsquo;s commit message to track where information was created.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I recommend setting it up to backup after X minutes from the last file change. The inherent delay has bitten me a few times when switching between machines where files don&amp;rsquo;t quite get synced, and I need to resolve conflicts manually.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Periodic Notes&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="periodic-notes"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#periodic-notes" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/liamcain/obsidian-periodic-notes"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/liamcain/obsidian-periodic-notes?label=periodic%20notes%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Daily notes are the backbone of my journaling experience. Matching the format of my physical bullet journal, I have tweaked many settings here and used &lt;a href="#templater"&gt;templates&lt;/a&gt; to maintain consistency. The change that most affects other plugins is my date format, &lt;code&gt;YYYY.MM.DD - ddd&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Smart Typography&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="smart-typography"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#smart-typography" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/mgmeyers/obsidian-smart-typography"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/mgmeyers/obsidian-smart-typography?label=smart%20typography%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Keeping my style consistent is crucial, and linting doesn&amp;rsquo;t cover all aspects of text encoding. This auto-converts punctuation and symbols to a standard type and cleans up my entries overall. Unfortunately, this does not apply retroactively to pre-existing text.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Style Settings&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="style-settings"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#style-settings" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/mgmeyers/obsidian-style-settings"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/mgmeyers/obsidian-style-settings?label=style%20settings%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Highly recommended when using the &lt;a href="#theme"&gt;Blue Topaz&lt;/a&gt; theme. I changed the default font and dataview list icons (Pacman was cute, but not what I wanted to see).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Tasks&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="tasks"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#tasks" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/obsidian-tasks-group/obsidian-tasks"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/obsidian-tasks-group/obsidian-tasks?label=tasks%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is used on every daily/weekly/monthly file and many others in my collections. I use a global task filter of &lt;code&gt;#task&lt;/code&gt; to give the option of non-task checkboxes when I need to create an untracked checklist.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Templater&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="templater"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#templater" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/SilentVoid13/Templater"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/SilentVoid13/Templater?label=templater%20%28plugin%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most templates that I use are for periodic notes. However, there are also some templates for correspondence tracking and one-on-one meetings. I toyed with the idea of using Obsidian to create blog entries, but directly using Hugo&amp;rsquo;s archetypes ended up being a better solution.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Core Settings&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="core-settings"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#core-settings" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are a few settings that I&amp;rsquo;ve changed scattered throughout the core plugins and main application. Of note, page preview is invaluable to peek at contents for reference without the need to switch between files while writing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I also show backlinks by default to ease movement throughout the journal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since I am using &lt;a href="#periodic-notes"&gt;periodic notes&lt;/a&gt;, I have the &lt;code&gt;Daily notes&lt;/code&gt; core plugin disabled. I also have &lt;code&gt;Workspaces&lt;/code&gt; disabled. I found that it did not play well with &lt;a href="#obsidian-git"&gt;backups&lt;/a&gt; due to plugin version mismatches.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Hotkeys&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="hotkeys"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#hotkeys" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;I have changed the default/unset hotkeys for the following:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + SHIFT + A&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Advanced Tables: Open table controls toolbar&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + SHIFT + B&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Backlinks: Toggle backlinks in document&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + ALT + N&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Create note in new pane&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + SHIFT + 6&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Footnote Shortcut: Insert and Navigate Footnote&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + &amp;lt;space&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Periodic Notes: Open daily note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + M&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Periodic Notes: Open monthly note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;blank&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Periodic Notes: Open weekly note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + Y&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Periodic Notes: Open yearly note&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + T&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tasks: Create or edit task&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + ENTER&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tasks: Toggle task done&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;CTRL + SHIFT + D&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Templates: Insert current date&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;blank&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; &lt;em&gt;Toggle checkbox status&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Theme&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="theme"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#theme" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://github.com/whyt-byte/Blue-Topaz_Obsidian-css"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/whyt-byte/Blue-Topaz_Obsidian-css?label=blue%20topaz%20%28theme%29&amp;amp;sort=semver&amp;amp;style=for-the-badge" alt="GitHub release (latest SemVer)" loading="lazy" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I tried out a few different options in the beginning. Blue Topaz won out as it gives a nice minimal feel without being too austere. Furthermore, it plays well with my plugins and has cohesiveness for all the journal parts.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="footnotes" role="doc-endnotes"&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li id="fn:1"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It can take up to a minute to load the application&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink"&gt;&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id="fn:2"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I have to remember to check for updates when switching between computers (e.g., work, personal desktop, personal laptop). Usually, when I update one, I add a &lt;a href="#tasks"&gt;task&lt;/a&gt; to touch the others.&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink"&gt;&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id="fn:3"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This doesn&amp;rsquo;t happen much after I got everything set up in the first week or two.&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink"&gt;&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Mermaid + Hugo v2: Better, Faster</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/mermaid-hugo-v2/</link><pubDate>Sun, 26 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/mermaid-hugo-v2/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;It took three days after &lt;a href="https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/mermaid-hugo/"&gt;finishing the work&lt;/a&gt; to display &lt;a href="https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Mermaid&lt;/a&gt; diagrams (using shortcodes) to discover an easier method. Let&amp;rsquo;s talk a bit about custom markdown rendering!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I don&amp;rsquo;t remember the actual search that led me to the unanswered &lt;a href="https://github.com/adityatelange/hugo-PaperMod/discussions/850"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;discussion&lt;/a&gt; on the PaperMod GitHub page. No, that&amp;rsquo;s not entirely true. I &lt;strong&gt;do&lt;/strong&gt; remember how I found this. It was in my unclosed tabs as I cleaned up my browser after the initial implementation. What, you don&amp;rsquo;t have to routinely go back and close a couple (dozen) tabs following the completion of a task? Regardless, this is where you find me, dear reader.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In any case&amp;hellip;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Missed Connections&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="missed-connections"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#missed-connections" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the tabs caught my eye, and I read further; maybe I could add something helpful since I just do that same thing (they were trying to display Mermaid in Hugo). &lt;strong&gt;Maybe&lt;/strong&gt; I could get something else useful from the discussion. Oh, here&amp;rsquo;s that foreshadowing again.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was interested that they were trying to do the same thing but going at it a different way; they also linked to some &lt;a href="https://gohugo.io/content-management/diagrams/#mermaid-diagrams"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;sources&lt;/a&gt; that I hadn&amp;rsquo;t found in my first web search foray. And I learned something. It&amp;rsquo;s relatively easy to write some functionality that uses code fences like the shortcode I was already doing. My ability to remember how to write three backticks is &lt;strong&gt;much&lt;/strong&gt; better than remembering the format and syntax of shortcodes so far.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;You Had Me at ```mermaid&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="you-had-me-at-mermaid"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#you-had-me-at-mermaid" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Create &lt;code&gt;layouts/_markup/render-codeblock-mermaid.html&lt;/code&gt; with this content:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-html" data-lang="html"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;class&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;mermaid&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; {{- .Inner | safeHTML }}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;{{ .Page.Store.Set &amp;#34;hasMermaid&amp;#34; true }}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We lose the justification (more on why that&amp;rsquo;s ok later). However, the last line is a real nice touch. This ensures that a page variable is set that can be used later to load the mermaid rendering javascript.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;With that addition/adjustment, now I only have to put the following text in a markdown file, and it&amp;rsquo;s loaded just fine. Javascript is loaded as required; no frontmatter adjustments are needed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;```mermaid
graph LR
A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
A --&amp;gt;|no| C
```&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div role="img" aria-label="Diagram"&gt;
&lt;pre class="mermaid hx:mt-6"&gt;
graph LR
A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
A --&amp;gt;|no| C
&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2&gt;And yet&amp;hellip;&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="and-yet"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#and-yet" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ok, so you might want this centered. You could write different markdown renderers and use something like &lt;code&gt;mermaid-left&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;mermaid-center&lt;/code&gt;, but that feels bad, and I believe you might need to feel a little dirty for thinking about it. Just create a shortcode for centering inner content and call it a day. That example isn&amp;rsquo;t here. I may make that one later. I&amp;rsquo;m not sure at this point how much I really want/need it, so we&amp;rsquo;ll see if I get there or not.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Mermaid + Hugo</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/mermaid-hugo/</link><pubDate>Thu, 23 Jun 2022 20:16:28 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/mermaid-hugo/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;I learned about &lt;a href="https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Mermaid&lt;/a&gt; in 2021 while trying to find a way to better see changes in diagrams at work. Being able to look through a revision history of images was tolerable but only slightly better than the proverbial needle and the unexplained presence of a nearby haystack.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But Mermaid resolves my complaints by rendering text/code into fairly nice-looking diagrams and visualizations. Some are too plain for my liking (looking at you, state diagram), but they convey information graphically. That&amp;rsquo;s all I&amp;rsquo;m really looking to get here.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="#tldr"&gt;tl;dr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Complicating It All; Let&amp;rsquo;s Make a Website&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="complicating-it-all-lets-make-a-website"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#complicating-it-all-lets-make-a-website" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mermaid files are just fine when used in a README (GitHub supports Mermaid already in its markdown) or project documentation. If I want to also post them on here, we have a problem.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;```mermaid
graph LR
A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
A --&amp;gt;|no| C
```&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ok, an inconvenience, at the least. Hugo doesn&amp;rsquo;t know about Mermaid. Not in the slightest. I guess it&amp;rsquo;s time to figure out how to get that working.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Adding Mermaid to Hugo&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="adding-mermaid-to-hugo"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#adding-mermaid-to-hugo" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;One option is to change my theme to something that has Mermaid built-in. &lt;a href="https://www.docsy.dev/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Docsy&lt;/a&gt; is an example of this, but that isn&amp;rsquo;t something I want to consider for the site right now. I could also compile the image with Mermaid&amp;rsquo;s live editor (or use their CLI locally), but again, the intent is to keep everything together. Cats and dogs; living together.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What I really want is a shortcode like &lt;code&gt;{{&amp;lt; code [...] &amp;gt;}}&lt;/code&gt; that will let me do it inline. Following the directions from &lt;a href="https://satoru.dev/2020/08/using-mermaid-in-hugo/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;satoru.dev&lt;/a&gt;, I expected that I&amp;rsquo;d found the perfect example and implementation. Nope. Does nothing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I checked to make sure I had spelled things correctly and placed them in the right place&amp;hellip; Oh. Rereading the article, I see that I needed to put the shortcode in &lt;code&gt;layouts/shortcodes/mermaid.html&lt;/code&gt;, but where the site had said,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Find somewhere in your theme that&amp;rsquo;s suitable for adding a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;script&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; [&amp;hellip;]&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I had not really done the &amp;lsquo;suitable&amp;rsquo; part of it &amp;ndash; and would continue to fail at this part. Clues on the &lt;a href="https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/javascript-on-page/4166/4"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Hugo Discourse&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://gohugo.io/templates/shortcode-templates/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;RTFM&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/panr/hugo-theme-terminal"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;RTF(Theme)M&lt;/a&gt;, and investigation of the &lt;code&gt;layouts/partial/extended_footer.html&lt;/code&gt; file got me a bit closer. Nope. RTFM again and look at the &lt;a href="https://github.com/matcornic/hugo-theme-learn/"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;example theme&lt;/a&gt; with Mermaid included&amp;hellip; and a little bit at the end of Alexandra Souly&amp;rsquo;s &lt;a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/mermaid-create-diagrams-quickly-and-effortlessly-d236e23d6d58"target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;article&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I am convinced at this point that I have fully grokked the situation. I am a god amongst men (actually, no, my self-esteem would never get there&amp;hellip;). Update. Refresh.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Frak.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Time to look at the raw page source. Hmm, there isn&amp;rsquo;t one iota of reference to the mermaid.min.js script. Time for an equivalent form of print statement debugging. Adding &lt;code&gt;TESTING_FOOTER&lt;/code&gt; right after the script should do the trick. And its absence is deafening. Some debugging, some tea, and a last-ditch effort to look for any bugs in the theme that would cause this, and I see it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I want you to know that I could have deleted all of this. I &lt;strong&gt;could&lt;/strong&gt; have. Do you remember that foreshadowing about failing to find a suitable place for things?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-zsh" data-lang="zsh"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;2022-06-24 00:38:05 EDT in blog on  main &lt;span class="o"&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;⇡!?&lt;span class="o"&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;➜ tree layouts
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;layouts
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;└── shortcodes
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; ├── mermaid.html
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; └── partials
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; ├── comments.html
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; └── extended_footer.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Yes, I failed to pay attention and created &lt;code&gt;layouts/shortcodes/partials&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;layouts/partials&lt;/code&gt;. The first resource was correct, and I have it working.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div role="img" aria-label="Diagram"&gt;
&lt;pre class="mermaid hx:mt-6"&gt;
graph LR
A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
A --&amp;gt;|no| C
&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;That&amp;rsquo;s great. Seriously. I&amp;rsquo;m happy now and tired and a little thirsty. This should take the typical person a few minutes to get this working.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;tl;dr&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="tldr"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#tldr" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, create a shortcode in &lt;code&gt;layouts/shortcodes/mermaid.html&lt;/code&gt;. I added some extra sugar here so that I can center it and make it look &lt;em&gt;just&lt;/em&gt; right.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-html" data-lang="html"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;class&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;mermaid&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;style&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;text-align: {{ .Get 0 }}&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; {{.Inner}}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Then update &lt;code&gt;layouts/partials/extended_footer.html&lt;/code&gt; to call the script that will look for the mermaid class and render it. If the file doesn&amp;rsquo;t already exist, you can create it or copy the example from &lt;code&gt;themes/layouts/partials/extended_footer.html&lt;/code&gt; (which is a file that only contains a comment saying that you should create the file).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-html" data-lang="html"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;{{ if (.Params.mermaid) }}
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="c"&gt;&amp;lt;!-- MermaidJS support --&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; &lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;async&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;src&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;https://unpkg.com/mermaid/dist/mermaid.min.js&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;script&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;{{ end }}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is wrapped in a check for frontmatter on the page that lets you choose which pages get that loaded. Generally a good idea to only load on pages that need it. Saves a bit of loading time and data transfer. We&amp;rsquo;re doing this all to have a zippy site, right? So the last setup bit is to update the page frontmatter.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Mermaid + Hugo&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;author&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;&amp;#34;Ben&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;tags&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;- &lt;span class="l"&gt;mermaid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;mermaid&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="w"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="kc"&gt;true&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;That&amp;rsquo;s it. You can use it as so:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;```mermaid
graph LR
A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
A --&amp;gt;|no| C
```&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class="highlight"&gt;&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"&gt;&lt;code class="language-html" data-lang="html"&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;class&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;mermaid&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="na"&gt;style&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="o"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="s"&gt;&amp;#34;text-align: center&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;graph LR
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; A{do you need a panflute?} --&amp;gt;|yes| B[no you don&amp;#39;t]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; B --&amp;gt; C[no panflute]
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt; A --&amp;gt;|no| C
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="line"&gt;&lt;span class="cl"&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="nt"&gt;div&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="p"&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Designing a Side Project: Wherehouse</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/designing-a-side-project/</link><pubDate>Wed, 22 Jun 2022 00:04:30 -0400</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/designing-a-side-project/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;Time for a new project.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The idea of an application that would help me track all my stuff has been rattling around in the
noggin for quite a while. At one point, I&amp;rsquo;d hoped that maybe I could get Google Assistant to give
some verbal means to tell me where I put that #2 Phillips screwdriver. A couple days of poking at
IFTTT later&amp;hellip; idea abandoned.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;But now, it came back (I still don&amp;rsquo;t know where that screwdriver is) and my thought is this would
be a great way to expand my knowledge/practice of go, and databases, and REST and APIs and&amp;hellip; well,
there&amp;rsquo;s a lot of things I can poke at here.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;First Steps&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="first-steps"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#first-steps" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rather than jumping right into the code, I brought up the old daily journal app (see Obsidian) and
created a new collection (see Bullet Journaling). For the really wild part, I stopped with code once
I had the basic core repo set up and building. Did that take half a day? Yes. Did I stop immediately
without going any further? Mostly. I count this as a huge success though. Figuring out a better name
after I set up the repo and now I need to do some conversion&amp;hellip; well, it was 90% success at least.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Design&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="design"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#design" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;So, back in my journal, I created a high-level summary of the project and then a page to start
listing out my subcommands. It feels a bit like code, but the main benefit is that I&amp;rsquo;m rounding out
&lt;strong&gt;what&lt;/strong&gt; I want this thing to look like when using it. So far, very good results. I have iterated a
few times on how the command structure looks and had to make some decisions about what kind of
information I would want to include. There are notes on first deliverable functionality, ideas for
the future, and it&amp;rsquo;s saving a lot of time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An interesting discovery after doing some of this work is that it highlights the usefulness of a
flowchart or state diagram of some sort. A means to visualize where application flow would happen
and help define test cases and expectations. It also feeds into user documentation nicely too.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Output&lt;span class="hx:absolute hx:-mt-20" id="output"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;a href="#output" class="subheading-anchor" aria-label="Permalink for this section"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the document looks like this:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-code-block hx:relative hx:mt-6 hx:first:mt-0 hx:group/code"&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;---
date created: Sunday, June 19th, 2022 12:09:41 pm
date modified: Wednesday, June 22nd, 2022 12:53:45 am
title: subcommands
---
# subcommands
%%TODO: rename ‘name’ to ‘thing’%%
## `store [name] in [location]`
- adds item &amp;#39;name&amp;#39; into storage &amp;#39;location&amp;#39;
## `use [name] from [location]`
- pull item &amp;#39;name&amp;#39; out of storage &amp;#39;location&amp;#39; temporarily and track in ephemeral place while in use.
- Intended to be relevant when calling the &amp;#39;cleanup&amp;#39; subcommand.
## `find [name]`
- return list of storage locations that contain an item called &amp;#39;name&amp;#39;
## `rename [name]-[id] to [name]`
- change the name of specific item
- id would use a unique (but easy to input) identifier in the event multiple things have same name
- TODO: should each item have a unique name?
- TODO: should application tell user what the unique name is when they add something to tracking?
## `cleanup`
- Lists of all items that have been ‘used’ but not `put-away`
- include storage locations to assist in returning them to right place
## `put-away [name] (in &amp;lt;location&amp;gt;)`
- remove item from ephemeral storage
- adding a different location than previously recorded would be equivalent to &amp;#39;put-away&amp;#39; and &amp;#39;move&amp;#39; commands
## `move [name] from [location] to [location]`
- change storage location for that item
## `remove [name] from [location]`
- stop tracking specified item
- TODO: does this permanently delete the item or just flag as removed?
## `borrow [name] from [person]`
- add item to a special location for borrowed items
- TODO: ability to add item to a storage location?
- TODO: is this something that should be tracked with location like other items but a flag to indicate borrowed?
## `lend [name] to [person]`
- take out of storage location (like use)
- set flag that it is now loaned
- TODO: ability to set return date?
- TODO: autocomplete people from history?
- TODO: add contact info for a person?
## `return [name]`
- functionally very similar to put away
- removes borrow/loaned flags
- TODO: add ability to change location here too?
## `organize`
- Group items (like with like) and generate report that highlights discrepancies.
- TODO: may need some metadata to help determine which things are “alike”
## `places`
- list out all storage locations
## `inventory`
- Generate a list of all tracked items, locations, quantities, and status (loaned/borrowed)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="hextra-code-copy-btn-container hx:opacity-0 hx:transition hx:group-hover/code:opacity-100 hx:flex hx:gap-1 hx:absolute hx:m-[11px] hx:right-0 hx:top-0"&gt;
&lt;button
class="hextra-code-copy-btn hx:group/copybtn hx:cursor-pointer hx:transition-all hx:active:opacity-50 hx:bg-primary-700/5 hx:border hx:border-black/5 hx:text-gray-600 hx:hover:text-gray-900 hx:rounded-md hx:p-1.5 hx:dark:bg-primary-300/10 hx:dark:border-white/10 hx:dark:text-gray-400 hx:dark:hover:text-gray-50"
title="Copy code"
aria-label="Copy code"
data-copied-label="Copied!"
&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-copy-icon hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:hidden hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="hextra-success-icon hx:hidden hx:group-[.copied]/copybtn:block hx:pointer-events-none hx:h-4 hx:w-4"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/button&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Beginnings</title><link>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/beginnings/</link><pubDate>Tue, 21 Jun 2022 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://asphaltbuffet.com/blog/beginnings/</guid><description>
&lt;p&gt;While I&amp;rsquo;ve blogged before, there is a need to have a common place to put development updates, tricks learned, and simply to show off when I think I’m being particularly clever.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So exists this place to serve that purpose.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>