diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 851f13971..cf6b70264 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 ### New features
 
+- [#2199](https://github.com/bbatsov/projectile/pull/2199): Add `projectile-files-transform-functions`, a list of functions applied to every file name a project index produces, so names collected as raw byte escapes (non-ASCII characters under a legacy `file-name-coding-system`, e.g. Cyrillic or Turkish on Windows) can be decoded before they are cached and presented.
 - [#2182](https://github.com/bbatsov/projectile/pull/2182): Add `projectile-todos-in-projects` and `projectile-multi-occur-in-projects`, so every sibling command now has a public generic taking any list of projects behind it and a command for a group of your own is a two-line wrapper for all five.
 - [#2181](https://github.com/bbatsov/projectile/pull/2181): Sapling and Bazaar projects can now list their own ignored files, via the new `projectile-sapling-ignored-command` and `projectile-bzr-ignored-command`.
 - [#2180](https://github.com/bbatsov/projectile/pull/2180): Every shell backend can now open in another window (`s-p x 4 <key>`), not just vterm, eat and ghostel: `shell`, `eshell`, `ielm`, `term` and the backend-dispatching `projectile-run` gained `-other-window` commands.
diff --git a/doc/modules/ROOT/pages/indexing.adoc b/doc/modules/ROOT/pages/indexing.adoc
index e2a337633..5c6eb2cd0 100644
--- a/doc/modules/ROOT/pages/indexing.adoc
+++ b/doc/modules/ROOT/pages/indexing.adoc
@@ -302,6 +302,36 @@ TIP: For the details of each ignore mechanism (`.projectile`, the indexing
 tools, and the global ignore/unignore variables), see
 xref:ignoring.adoc[Ignoring files].
 
+== Transforming file names
+
+On some platforms file names containing non-ASCII characters (for
+example Cyrillic or Turkish) are collected as raw byte escapes like
+`\305\264\303\251`, when the file-name coding system doesn't cover
+them - a common case is Emacs on Windows with a legacy system code
+page.  Both the file list and the persistent cache then show the
+escapes instead of the actual names.
+
+The `projectile-files-transform-functions` option applies a list of
+functions to every file name Projectile collects for a project.  The
+functions run when the project is (re)indexed - before the list is
+cached or presented - so commands such as `projectile-find-file` and
+the persistent cache hold the transformed, readable names:
+
+[source,elisp]
+----
+;; Decode raw-byte file names as UTF-8.
+(setq projectile-files-transform-functions
+      (list (lambda (file) (decode-coding-string file 'utf-8))))
+----
+
+The default value is nil: file names are used as collected and no
+extra work is done.
+
+NOTE: The transforms run only during (re)indexing.  Already cached
+file lists keep their previous representation, so after changing the
+option clear the cache with `M-x projectile-invalidate-cache`
+(`s-p i`).
+
 == Sorting
 
 You can choose how Projectile sorts files by customizing `projectile-sort-order`.
diff --git a/projectile.el b/projectile.el
index 11abeb772..a6667e0d1 100644
--- a/projectile.el
+++ b/projectile.el
@@ -318,6 +318,33 @@ A value of nil means the cache never expires."
                  (natnum :tag "Seconds"))
   :package-version '(projectile . "1.0.0"))
 
+(defcustom projectile-files-transform-functions nil
+  "Functions applied to each file name produced by project indexing.
+
+Each function is called with a file name and must return a file
+name.  The functions are applied, in the order they appear in the
+list, to every file name Projectile collects for the current
+project - before the list is cached and presented in commands such
+as `projectile-find-file'.
+
+This is useful on platforms where file names containing non-ASCII
+characters (e.g. Cyrillic or Turkish) are collected as raw byte
+escapes like \"\\305\\264\\303\\251\", because the file-name coding
+system doesn't cover them - for instance Emacs on Windows with a
+legacy system code page.  Decoding on collection keeps both the
+file list and the persistent cache readable:
+
+    (setq projectile-files-transform-functions
+          (list (lambda (file) (decode-coding-string file 'utf-8))))
+
+The default value is nil - file names are used as collected and no
+extra work is done.  The functions run only when a project is
+(re)indexed, so after changing this option clear the cache with
+`projectile-invalidate-cache' to re-index with the new transforms."
+  :group 'projectile
+  :type 'hook
+  :package-version '(projectile . "3.5.0"))
+
 (define-obsolete-variable-alias 'projectile-auto-discover
   'projectile-auto-discover-projects "3.4.0")
 
@@ -5115,6 +5142,19 @@ CALLER is accepted for backward compatibility but no longer used."
 
 ;;; Listing a project's files and directories
 
+(defun projectile--transform-file-names (files)
+  "Apply `projectile-files-transform-functions' to every name in FILES.
+Return FILES unchanged when no transform is configured."
+  (if (null projectile-files-transform-functions)
+      files
+    (mapcar
+     (lambda (file)
+       (let ((result file))
+         (dolist (fun projectile-files-transform-functions)
+           (setq result (funcall fun result)))
+         result))
+     files)))
+
 (defun projectile-project-files (project-root)
   "Return a list of files for the PROJECT-ROOT."
   (let (files)
@@ -5194,6 +5234,10 @@ CALLER is accepted for backward compatibility but no longer used."
                                  files))))
                    dirs))))))
 
+      ;; Apply the user-configured transforms to every collected name,
+      ;; so both the cache and the callers see the final representation.
+      (setq files (projectile--transform-file-names files))
+
       ;; Save the cached list.
       (when projectile-enable-caching
         (projectile-cache-project project-root files)
diff --git a/test/projectile-indexing-test.el b/test/projectile-indexing-test.el
index 3c9159102..fce3756a9 100644
--- a/test/projectile-indexing-test.el
+++ b/test/projectile-indexing-test.el
@@ -1377,4 +1377,30 @@
                (projectile-alien-honors-ignores nil))
           (expect (projectile-project-files root) :to-contain "docs/a.text")))))))
 
+(describe "projectile-files-transform-functions"
+  (it "passes file names through when no transform is configured"
+    (let (projectile-files-transform-functions)
+      (expect (projectile--transform-file-names '("a.txt" "b/c.txt"))
+              :to-equal '("a.txt" "b/c.txt"))))
+  (it "applies the configured functions in order"
+    (let ((projectile-files-transform-functions
+           (list (lambda (file) (concat "x/" file))
+                 #'upcase)))
+      (expect (projectile--transform-file-names '("a.txt" "b/c.txt"))
+              :to-equal '("X/A.TXT" "X/B/C.TXT"))))
+  (it "transforms collected file names before they are cached"
+    (spy-on 'projectile-project-vcs :and-return-value 'git)
+    (spy-on 'projectile-get-project-directories :and-return-value '("/my/root/"))
+    (spy-on 'projectile--dir-files-alien-maybe-async :and-return-value '("a.txt" "b.txt"))
+    (spy-on 'projectile--alien-apply-ignores :and-call-fake
+            (lambda (_root _vcs files) files))
+    (spy-on 'projectile-cache-project)
+    (let ((projectile-indexing-method 'alien)
+          (projectile-enable-caching t)
+          (projectile-files-transform-functions (list #'upcase)))
+      (expect (projectile-project-files "/my/root/") :to-equal '("A.TXT" "B.TXT"))
+      (expect 'projectile-cache-project :to-have-been-called-times 1)
+      (expect 'projectile-cache-project
+              :to-have-been-called-with "/my/root/" '("A.TXT" "B.TXT")))))
+
 ;;; projectile-indexing-test.el ends here