Go: extract and expose struct tags, interface method IDs

This enables us to distinguish all database types in QL. Previously structs with the same field names and types but differing tags, and interface types with matching method names and at least one non-exported method but declared in differing packages, were impossible or only sometimes possible to distinguish in QL. With this change these types can be distinguished, as well as permitting queries to examine struct field tags, e.g. to read JSON field name associations.

Author: smowton

go/downgrades/e47462df302b3e58a60d2e21f99aba63f973326f/go.dbscheme

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+description: Remove component-tags and interface-method-id tables
+compatibility: full
+
+component_tags.rel: delete
+interface_private_method_ids.rel: delete

go/downgrades/e47462df302b3e58a60d2e21f99aba63f973326f/old.dbscheme

@@ -1150,6 +1150,20 @@ var ComponentTypesTable = NewTable("component_types",
 	EntityColumn(TypeType, "tp"),
 ).KeySet("parent", "index")
 
+// ComponentTagsTable is the table associating composite types with their component types' tags
+var ComponentTagsTable = NewTable("component_tags",
+	EntityColumn(CompositeType, "parent"),
+	IntColumn("index"),
+	StringColumn("tag"),
+).KeySet("parent", "index")
+
+// InterfacePrivateMethodIdsTable is the table associating interface types with their private method ids
+var InterfacePrivateMethodIdsTable = NewTable("interface_private_method_ids",
+	EntityColumn(InterfaceType, "interface"),
+	IntColumn("index"),
+	StringColumn("id"),
+).KeySet("interface", "index")
+
 // ArrayLengthTable is the table associating array types with their length (represented as a string
 // since Go array lengths are 64-bit and hence do not always fit into a QL integer)
 var ArrayLengthTable = NewTable("array_length",

go/downgrades/e47462df302b3e58a60d2e21f99aba63f973326f/upgrade.properties

@@ -1624,6 +1624,7 @@ func extractType(tw *trap.Writer, tp types.Type) trap.Label {
 					name = ""
 				}
 				extractComponentType(tw, lbl, i, name, field.Type())
+				dbscheme.ComponentTagsTable.Emit(tw, lbl, i, tp.Tag(i))
 			}
 		case *types.Pointer:
 			kind = dbscheme.PointerType.Index()
@@ -1641,6 +1642,13 @@ func extractType(tw *trap.Writer, tp types.Type) trap.Label {
 				extractMethod(tw, meth)
 
 				extractComponentType(tw, lbl, i, meth.Name(), meth.Type())
+
+				// meth.Id() will be equal to meth.Name() for an exported method, or
+				// packge-qualified otherwise.
+				privateMethodId := meth.Id()
+				if privateMethodId != meth.Name() {
+					dbscheme.InterfacePrivateMethodIdsTable.Emit(tw, lbl, i, privateMethodId)
+				}
 			}
 			for i := 0; i < tp.NumEmbeddeds(); i++ {
 				component := tp.EmbeddedType(i)

go/extractor/dbscheme/tables.go

@@ -207,6 +207,12 @@ underlying_type(unique int named: @namedtype ref, int tp: @type ref);
 #keyset[parent, index]
 component_types(int parent: @compositetype ref, int index: int ref, string name: string ref, int tp: @type ref);
 
+#keyset[parent, index]
+component_tags(int parent: @compositetype ref, int index: int ref, string tag: string ref);
+
+#keyset[interface, index]
+interface_private_method_ids(int interface: @interfacetype ref, int index: int ref, string id: string ref);
+
 array_length(unique int tp: @arraytype ref, string len: string ref);
 
 type_objects(unique int tp: @type ref, int object: @object ref);

go/extractor/extractor.go

@@ -385,6 +385,13 @@ class Field extends Variable {
       this = base.getField(f)
     )
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the tag associated with this field, or the empty string if this field has no tag.
+   */
+  string getTag() {
+    declaringType.hasOwnFieldWithTag(_, this.getName(), this.getType(), _, result)
+  }
 }
 
 /**

go/ql/lib/go.dbscheme

@@ -457,6 +457,17 @@ class StructType extends @structtype, CompositeType {
     )
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Holds if this struct contains a field `name` with type `tp` and tag `tag`;
+   * `isEmbedded` is true if the field is embedded.
+   *
+   * Note that this predicate does not take promoted fields into account.
+   */
+  predicate hasOwnFieldWithTag(int i, string name, Type tp, boolean isEmbedded, string tag) {
+    this.hasOwnField(i, name, tp, isEmbedded) and
+    component_tags(this, i, tag)
+  }
+
   /**
    * Get a field with the name `name`; `isEmbedded` is true if the field is embedded.
    *
@@ -575,10 +586,12 @@ class StructType extends @structtype, CompositeType {
   override string pp() {
     result =
       "struct { " +
-        concat(int i, string name, Type tp |
-          component_types(this, i, name, tp)
+        concat(int i, string name, Type tp, string tag, string tagToPrint |
+          component_types(this, i, name, tp) and
+          component_tags(this, i, tag) and
+          (if tag = "" then tagToPrint = "" else tagToPrint = " `" + tag + "`")
         |
-          name + " " + tp.pp(), "; " order by i
+          name + " " + tp.pp() + tagToPrint, "; " order by i
         ) + " }"
   }
 
@@ -747,6 +760,31 @@ class InterfaceType extends @interfacetype, CompositeType {
     exists(int i | i >= 0 | component_types(this, i, name, result))
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Gets the type of method `id` of this interface type.
+   *
+   * This differs from `getMethodType` in that if the method is not exported, the `id`
+   * will be package-qualified. This means that the set of `id`s` together with any
+   * embedded types fully distinguishes the interface from any other, whereas the set
+   * of names matched by `getMethodName` may be ambiguous between interfaces with matching
+   * exported methods and unexported methods that have matching names but belong to
+   * different packages.
+   *
+   * For example, `interface { Exported() int; notExported() int }` declared in two
+   * different packages defines two distinct types, but they appear identical according to
+   * `getMethodType`.
+   */
+  Type getMethodTypeById(string id) {
+    exists(int i, string name | i >= 0 |
+      component_types(this, i, name, result) and
+      (
+        interface_private_method_ids(this, i, id)
+        or
+        name = id and not interface_private_method_ids(this, i, _)
+      )
+    )
+  }
+
   override predicate hasMethod(string m, SignatureType t) { t = this.getMethodType(m) }
 
   /**

go/ql/lib/semmle/go/Scopes.qll

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class StructType extends @structtype {
+  string toString() { result = "struct type" }
+}
+
+from StructType st, int index
+where component_types(st, index, _, _)
+select st, index, ""