diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 3ef5091..06d7089 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -907,8 +907,13 @@ fn fill_todo(
     let pattern = &patterns[idx];
     let is_dir = path.is_directory;
     let curdir = path.as_ref() == Path::new(".");
-    match (pattern.has_metachars, is_dir) {
-        (false, _) => {
+    let direct_literal = !pattern.has_metachars
+        && (options.case_sensitive
+            || pattern.as_str().is_empty()
+            || pattern.as_str() == "."
+            || pattern.as_str() == "..");
+    match (direct_literal, is_dir) {
+        (true, _) => {
             debug_assert!(
                 pattern
                     .tokens
@@ -938,7 +943,7 @@ fn fill_todo(
                 add(todo, next_path);
             }
         }
-        (true, true) => {
+        (false, true) => {
             let dirs = fs::read_dir(path).and_then(|d| {
                 d.map(|e| {
                     e.map(|e| {
@@ -960,9 +965,31 @@ fn fill_todo(
             });
             match dirs {
                 Ok(mut children) => {
-                    if options.require_literal_leading_dot {
+                    if pattern.has_metachars && options.require_literal_leading_dot {
                         children.retain(|x| !x.1.to_str().unwrap().starts_with('.'));
                     }
+
+                    #[cfg(windows)]
+                    if !pattern.has_metachars
+                        && !children.iter().any(|x| {
+                            x.1.to_str()
+                                .map(|name| pattern.matches_with(name, options))
+                                .unwrap_or(false)
+                        })
+                    {
+                        let s = pattern.as_str();
+                        let next_path = if curdir {
+                            PathBuf::from(s)
+                        } else {
+                            path.join(s)
+                        };
+                        let next_path = PathWrapper::from_path(next_path);
+                        if fs::metadata(&next_path).is_ok()
+                            || fs::symlink_metadata(&next_path).is_ok()
+                        {
+                            add(todo, next_path);
+                        }
+                    }
                     children.sort_by(|p1, p2| p2.1.cmp(&p1.1));
                     todo.extend(children.into_iter().map(|x| Ok((x.0, idx))));
 
@@ -987,7 +1014,7 @@ fn fill_todo(
                 }
             }
         }
-        (true, false) => {
+        (false, false) => {
             // not a directory, nothing more to find
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/glob-61.rs b/tests/glob-61.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db23570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/glob-61.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+use glob::{glob_with, MatchOptions};
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+fn options(case_sensitive: bool, require_literal_leading_dot: bool) -> MatchOptions {
+    MatchOptions {
+        case_sensitive,
+        require_literal_separator: true,
+        require_literal_leading_dot,
+    }
+}
+
+fn matches(pattern: &Path, options: MatchOptions) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+    let mut paths = glob_with(pattern.to_str().unwrap(), options)
+        .unwrap()
+        .map(|result| result.unwrap())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    paths.sort();
+    paths
+}
+
+fn canonical_set_matches(pattern: &Path, options: MatchOptions, expected: &[PathBuf]) {
+    let actual = matches(pattern, options);
+    let mut actual = actual
+        .iter()
+        .map(|path| fs::canonicalize(path).unwrap())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let mut expected = expected
+        .iter()
+        .map(|path| fs::canonicalize(path).unwrap())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    actual.sort();
+    expected.sort();
+    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn insensitive_literals_match_case_variants_and_controls() {
+    let temporary = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let root = temporary.path().to_path_buf();
+    fs::create_dir_all(root.join("MixedParent")).unwrap();
+    fs::write(root.join("test_file"), b"lowercase").unwrap();
+    fs::write(root.join("MixedParent/test_file"), b"nested").unwrap();
+    fs::write(root.join(".hidden"), b"hidden").unwrap();
+    let upper = root.join("Test_File");
+    let has_distinct_variant = if upper.exists() {
+        fs::read(&upper).unwrap() != fs::read(root.join("test_file")).unwrap()
+    } else {
+        fs::write(&upper, b"uppercase").unwrap();
+        true
+    };
+
+    let lower = root.join("test_file");
+    if has_distinct_variant {
+        assert_eq!(
+            matches(&lower, options(false, true)),
+            vec![root.join("Test_File"), root.join("test_file")]
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            matches(&root.join("TEST_FILE"), options(false, true)),
+            vec![root.join("Test_File"), root.join("test_file")]
+        );
+    } else {
+        #[cfg(windows)]
+        assert_eq!(matches(&lower, options(false, true)), vec![lower.clone()]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            matches(&root.join("TEST_FILE"), options(false, true)),
+            vec![root.join("test_file")]
+        );
+    }
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&lower, options(true, true)),
+        vec![root.join("test_file")]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join("mixedparent/test_file"), options(false, true)),
+        vec![root.join("MixedParent/test_file")]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(matches(&root.join("*_file"), options(false, true)), {
+        let mut expected = vec![root.join("test_file")];
+        if has_distinct_variant {
+            expected.push(root.join("Test_File"));
+        }
+        expected.sort();
+        expected
+    });
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join("missing_file"), options(false, true)),
+        Vec::<PathBuf>::new()
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join("test_file/child"), options(false, true)),
+        Vec::<PathBuf>::new()
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join(".hidden"), options(false, true)),
+        vec![root.join(".hidden")]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join(".hidden"), options(false, false)),
+        vec![root.join(".hidden")]
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join("*hidden"), options(false, true)),
+        Vec::<PathBuf>::new()
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(&root.join("*hidden"), options(false, false)),
+        vec![root.join(".hidden")]
+    );
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
+        let link = root.join("MixedParent/Broken_Link");
+        symlink("missing-target", &link).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            matches(&root.join("mixedparent/broken_link"), options(false, true)),
+            vec![link]
+        );
+    }
+    let mut physical_variants = vec![lower.clone()];
+    if has_distinct_variant {
+        physical_variants.push(upper);
+    }
+    canonical_set_matches(
+        &root.join("./test_file"),
+        options(false, true),
+        &physical_variants,
+    );
+    canonical_set_matches(
+        &root.join("MixedParent/../test_file"),
+        options(false, true),
+        &physical_variants,
+    );
+    let repeated_separator = PathBuf::from(format!("{}//test_file", root.display()));
+    canonical_set_matches(
+        &repeated_separator,
+        options(false, true),
+        &physical_variants,
+    );
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(Path::new("/"), options(false, true)),
+        vec![PathBuf::from("/")]
+    );
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+#[test]
+fn insensitive_root_literal_returns_root() {
+    assert_eq!(
+        matches(Path::new("/"), options(false, true)),
+        vec![PathBuf::from("/")]
+    );
+}