diff --git a/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst b/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst
index ba896212925d89b..f770809dfb4006c 100644
--- a/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/stdtypes.rst
@@ -2616,7 +2616,9 @@ expression support in the :mod:`re` module).
    :func:`re.split`). Splitting an empty string with a specified separator
    returns ``['']``.
 
-   For example::
+   For example:
+
+   .. doctest::
 
       >>> '1,2,3'.split(',')
       ['1', '2', '3']
@@ -2634,7 +2636,9 @@ expression support in the :mod:`re` module).
    string or a string consisting of just whitespace with a ``None`` separator
    returns ``[]``.
 
-   For example::
+   For example:
+
+   .. doctest::
 
       >>> '1 2 3'.split()
       ['1', '2', '3']
@@ -2646,7 +2650,9 @@ expression support in the :mod:`re` module).
    If *sep* is not specified or is ``None`` and  *maxsplit* is ``0``, only
    leading runs of consecutive whitespace are considered.
 
-   For example::
+   For example:
+
+   .. doctest::
 
       >>> "".split(None, 0)
       []
@@ -2655,7 +2661,7 @@ expression support in the :mod:`re` module).
       >>> "   foo   ".split(maxsplit=0)
       ['foo   ']
 
-   See also :meth:`join`.
+   See also :meth:`join` and :meth:`rsplit`.
 
 
 .. index::
diff --git a/Lib/logging/__init__.py b/Lib/logging/__init__.py
index 6eef90ae5cd9143..9febc50b1264ef4 100644
--- a/Lib/logging/__init__.py
+++ b/Lib/logging/__init__.py
@@ -1373,9 +1373,16 @@ def getLogger(self, name):
         logger and fix up the parent/child references which pointed to the
         placeholder to now point to the logger.
         """
-        rv = None
         if not isinstance(name, str):
             raise TypeError('A logger name must be a string')
+        # Fast path: an already-registered, non-placeholder logger can be
+        # returned without taking the lock. dict.get() is atomic under both
+        # the GIL and free threading, and a Logger is fully initialised before
+        # being inserted into loggerDict under the lock, so this never sees a
+        # partially-constructed object.
+        rv = self.loggerDict.get(name)
+        if rv is not None and not isinstance(rv, PlaceHolder):
+            return rv
         with _lock:
             if name in self.loggerDict:
                 rv = self.loggerDict[name]
diff --git a/Lib/logging/handlers.py b/Lib/logging/handlers.py
index 575f2babbc47853..73782f53041008c 100644
--- a/Lib/logging/handlers.py
+++ b/Lib/logging/handlers.py
@@ -282,7 +282,16 @@ def __init__(self, filename, when='h', interval=1, backupCount=0,
         # path object (see Issue #27493), but self.baseFilename will be a string
         filename = self.baseFilename
         if os.path.exists(filename):
-            t = int(os.stat(filename).st_mtime)
+            # Use the minimum of file creation and modification time as
+            # the base of the rollover calculation
+            stat_result = os.stat(filename)
+            # Use st_birthtime whenever it is available or use st_ctime
+            # instead otherwise
+            try:
+                creation_time = stat_result.st_birthtime
+            except AttributeError:
+                creation_time = stat_result.st_ctime
+            t = int(min(creation_time, stat_result.st_mtime))
         else:
             t = int(time.time())
         self.rolloverAt = self.computeRollover(t)
diff --git a/Lib/test/support/__init__.py b/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
index cd85ef60a80f4bf..84f735c1537efa7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
+++ b/Lib/test/support/__init__.py
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
     "has_fork_support", "requires_fork",
     "has_subprocess_support", "requires_subprocess",
     "has_socket_support", "requires_working_socket",
+    "has_st_birthtime",
     "has_remote_subprocess_debugging", "requires_remote_subprocess_debugging",
     "anticipate_failure", "load_package_tests", "detect_api_mismatch",
     "check__all__", "skip_if_buggy_ucrt_strfptime",
@@ -620,6 +621,10 @@ def skip_wasi_stack_overflow():
     or is_android
 )
 
+# At the moment, st_birthtime attribute is only supported on Windows,
+# MacOS and FreeBSD.
+has_st_birthtime = sys.platform.startswith(("win", "freebsd", "darwin"))
+
 def requires_fork():
     return unittest.skipUnless(has_fork_support, "requires working os.fork()")
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_deque.py b/Lib/test/test_deque.py
index 4e1a489205a6855..3c45032cda91387 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_deque.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_deque.py
@@ -287,6 +287,22 @@ def test_index(self):
                     else:
                         self.assertEqual(d.index(element, start, stop), target)
 
+        # Test stop argument
+        for elem in d:
+            index = d.index(elem)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                index,
+                d.index(elem, 0),
+            )
+            self.assertEqual(
+                index,
+                d.index(elem, 0, len(d)),
+            )
+            self.assertEqual(
+                index,
+                d.index(elem, 0, len(d) + 100),
+            )
+
         # Test large start argument
         d = deque(range(0, 10000, 10))
         for step in range(100):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_free_threading/test_collections.py b/Lib/test/test_free_threading/test_collections.py
index 3a413ccf396d4ba..849b0480e232fc2 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_free_threading/test_collections.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_free_threading/test_collections.py
@@ -24,6 +24,30 @@ def copy_loop():
 
         threading_helper.run_concurrently([mutate, copy_loop])
 
+    def test_index_race_in_ac(self):
+        # gh-150750: There was a c_default specified as `Py_SIZE(self)`,
+        # it was used without a critical section.
+
+        d = deque(range(100))
+
+        def index():
+            for _ in range(10000):
+                try:
+                    d.index(50)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+
+        def mutate():
+            for _ in range(10000):
+                d.append(0)
+                d.clear()
+                d.extend(range(100))
+                d.appendleft(-1)
+
+        threading_helper.run_concurrently(
+            [index, *[mutate for _ in range(3)]],
+        )
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_logging.py b/Lib/test/test_logging.py
index 08678119200d427..31c052bfb56cd7a 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_logging.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_logging.py
@@ -6615,6 +6615,56 @@ def test_rollover(self):
                     print(tf.read())
         self.assertTrue(found, msg=msg)
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(support.has_st_birthtime,
+        "st_birthtime not available or supported by Python on this OS")
+    def test_rollover_based_on_st_birthtime_only(self):
+        def add_record(message: str) -> None:
+            fh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
+                    self.fn, when='S', interval=4, encoding="utf-8", backupCount=1)
+            fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
+            fh.setFormatter(fmt)
+            record = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': message})
+            fh.emit(record)
+            fh.close()
+
+        add_record('testing - initial')
+        self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
+        # Sleep a little over the half of rollover time - and this value
+        # must be over 2 seconds, since this is the mtime resolution on
+        # FAT32 filesystems.
+        time.sleep(2.1)
+        add_record('testing - update before rollover to renew the st_mtime')
+        time.sleep(2.1)    # a little over the half of rollover time
+        add_record('testing - new record supposedly in the new file after rollover')
+
+        # At this point, the log file should be rotated if the rotation
+        # is based on creation time but should be not if it's based on
+        # creation time.
+        found = False
+        now = datetime.datetime.now()
+        GO_BACK = 5 # seconds
+        for secs in range(GO_BACK):
+            prev = now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=secs)
+            fn = self.fn + prev.strftime(".%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")
+            found = os.path.exists(fn)
+            if found:
+                self.rmfiles.append(fn)
+                break
+        msg = 'No rotated files found, went back %d seconds' % GO_BACK
+        if not found:
+            # print additional diagnostics
+            dn, fn = os.path.split(self.fn)
+            files = [f for f in os.listdir(dn) if f.startswith(fn)]
+            print('Test time: %s' % now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S"), file=sys.stderr)
+            print('The only matching files are: %s' % files, file=sys.stderr)
+            for f in files:
+                print('Contents of %s:' % f)
+                path = os.path.join(dn, f)
+                print(os.stat(path))
+                with open(path, 'r') as tf:
+                    print(tf.read())
+        self.assertTrue(found, msg=msg)
+
     def test_rollover_at_midnight(self, weekly=False):
         os_helper.unlink(self.fn)
         now = datetime.datetime.now()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_sqlite3/test_dbapi.py b/Lib/test/test_sqlite3/test_dbapi.py
index 73b40e82a96811f..5f6cb527955ca17 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_sqlite3/test_dbapi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_sqlite3/test_dbapi.py
@@ -1400,6 +1400,18 @@ def test_blob_set_empty_slice(self):
         self.blob[0:0] = b""
         self.assertEqual(self.blob[:], self.data)
 
+    def test_blob_set_empty_slice_wrong_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+            self.blob[5:5] = None
+
+    def test_blob_set_empty_slice_wrong_size(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(IndexError, "wrong size"):
+            self.blob[5:5] = b"123"
+
+    def test_blob_set_empty_slice_correct(self):
+        self.blob[5:5] = b""
+        self.assertEqual(self.blob[:], self.data)
+
     def test_blob_set_slice_with_skip(self):
         self.blob[0:10:2] = b"12345"
         actual = self.cx.execute("select b from test").fetchone()[0]
diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS
index 14f0db7549534be..71466e0804ae3c1 100644
--- a/Misc/ACKS
+++ b/Misc/ACKS
@@ -1226,6 +1226,7 @@ Owen Martin
 Sidney San Martín
 Westley Martínez
 Sébastien Martini
+Iván Márton
 Roger Masse
 Nick Mathewson
 Simon Mathieu
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2021-02-26-13-17-57.bpo-40469.yJHeQg.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2021-02-26-13-17-57.bpo-40469.yJHeQg.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..eab474dfd2ea82a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2021-02-26-13-17-57.bpo-40469.yJHeQg.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+A bug has been fixed that made the ``TimedRotatingFileHandler`` use the
+MTIME attribute of the configured log file to to detect whether it has to be
+rotated yet or not. In cases when the file was changed within the rotation
+period the value of the MTIME was also updated to the current time and as a
+result the rotation never happened. The file creation time (CTIME) is used
+instead that makes the rotation file modification independent.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-14-21-46.gh-issue-150750.SVS2o0.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-14-21-46.gh-issue-150750.SVS2o0.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..bda500383e7cda3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-14-21-46.gh-issue-150750.SVS2o0.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a race condition in :meth:`collections.deque.index` with free-threading.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-15-44-58.gh-issue-150818.Orcefu.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-15-44-58.gh-issue-150818.Orcefu.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..3bb16001cc0bb41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-02-15-44-58.gh-issue-150818.Orcefu.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Speed up :func:`logging.getLogger` with a lock-free fast path that returns an
+already-registered logger without acquiring the logging lock. Patch by Bernát
+Gábor.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-04-21-49-18.gh-issue-150913.EmptyBl.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-04-21-49-18.gh-issue-150913.EmptyBl.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..f95a6ee6ee15bf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-04-21-49-18.gh-issue-150913.EmptyBl.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fix :class:`sqlite3.Blob` slice assignment to raise
+:exc:`TypeError` and :exc:`IndexError` for type and size mismatches
+respectively, even when the target slice is empty.
diff --git a/Modules/_collectionsmodule.c b/Modules/_collectionsmodule.c
index c5d4879312bc8a8..5ca6362406a78b9 100644
--- a/Modules/_collectionsmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_collectionsmodule.c
@@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ _collections.deque.index as deque_index
     deque: dequeobject
     value as v: object
     start: object(converter='_PyEval_SliceIndexNotNone', type='Py_ssize_t', c_default='0') = NULL
-    stop: object(converter='_PyEval_SliceIndexNotNone', type='Py_ssize_t', c_default='Py_SIZE(deque)') = NULL
+    stop: object(converter='_PyEval_SliceIndexNotNone', type='Py_ssize_t', c_default='PY_SSIZE_T_MAX') = NULL
     /
 
 Return first index of value.
@@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@ Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
 static PyObject *
 deque_index_impl(dequeobject *deque, PyObject *v, Py_ssize_t start,
                  Py_ssize_t stop)
-/*[clinic end generated code: output=df45132753175ef9 input=90f48833a91e1743]*/
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=df45132753175ef9 input=1c3b19632cf3484f]*/
 {
     Py_ssize_t i, n;
     PyObject *item;
@@ -1270,22 +1270,23 @@ deque_index_impl(dequeobject *deque, PyObject *v, Py_ssize_t start,
     Py_ssize_t index = deque->leftindex;
     size_t start_state = deque->state;
     int cmp;
+    Py_ssize_t size = Py_SIZE(deque);
 
     if (start < 0) {
-        start += Py_SIZE(deque);
+        start += size;
         if (start < 0)
             start = 0;
     }
     if (stop < 0) {
-        stop += Py_SIZE(deque);
+        stop += size;
         if (stop < 0)
             stop = 0;
     }
-    if (stop > Py_SIZE(deque))
-        stop = Py_SIZE(deque);
+    if (stop > size)
+        stop = size;
     if (start > stop)
         start = stop;
-    assert(0 <= start && start <= stop && stop <= Py_SIZE(deque));
+    assert(0 <= start && start <= stop && stop <= size);
 
     for (i=0 ; i < start - BLOCKLEN ; i += BLOCKLEN) {
         b = b->rightlink;
diff --git a/Modules/_sqlite/blob.c b/Modules/_sqlite/blob.c
index 2cc62751054278f..d81784409e5d91a 100644
--- a/Modules/_sqlite/blob.c
+++ b/Modules/_sqlite/blob.c
@@ -531,21 +531,25 @@ ass_subscript_slice(pysqlite_Blob *self, PyObject *item, PyObject *value)
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if (len == 0) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
     Py_buffer vbuf;
     if (PyObject_GetBuffer(value, &vbuf, PyBUF_SIMPLE) < 0) {
         return -1;
     }
 
-    int rc = -1;
     if (vbuf.len != len) {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError,
                         "Blob slice assignment is wrong size");
+        PyBuffer_Release(&vbuf);
+        return -1;
     }
-    else if (step == 1) {
+
+    if (len == 0) {
+        PyBuffer_Release(&vbuf);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    int rc = -1;
+    if (step == 1) {
         rc = inner_write(self, vbuf.buf, len, start);
     }
     else {
diff --git a/Modules/clinic/_collectionsmodule.c.h b/Modules/clinic/_collectionsmodule.c.h
index b5c315c680e7821..6c60678a6fbd51a 100644
--- a/Modules/clinic/_collectionsmodule.c.h
+++ b/Modules/clinic/_collectionsmodule.c.h
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ deque_index(PyObject *deque, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs)
     PyObject *return_value = NULL;
     PyObject *v;
     Py_ssize_t start = 0;
-    Py_ssize_t stop = Py_SIZE(deque);
+    Py_ssize_t stop = PY_SSIZE_T_MAX;
 
     if (!_PyArg_CheckPositional("index", nargs, 1, 3)) {
         goto exit;
@@ -632,4 +632,4 @@ tuplegetter_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs)
 exit:
     return return_value;
 }
-/*[clinic end generated code: output=b9d4d647c221cb9f input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=f5a388add99d3d15 input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
diff --git a/Modules/posixmodule.c b/Modules/posixmodule.c
index a06479fa60cdba1..f9f53ca5cb5e49b 100644
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c
@@ -3123,7 +3123,7 @@ class path_t_converter(CConverter):
     impl_by_reference = True
     parse_by_reference = True
     default_type = ()
-    c_init_default = "<placeholder>"  # overridden in pre_render(()
+    c_init_default = "<placeholder>"  # overridden in pre_render()
 
     converter = 'path_converter'
 
@@ -3266,7 +3266,7 @@ class confname_converter(CConverter):
         """, argname=argname, converter=self.converter, table=self.table)
 
 [python start generated code]*/
-/*[python end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=d58f18bdf3bd3565]*/
+/*[python end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=ddbf3ac90a981122]*/
 
 /*[clinic input]
 
diff --git a/Tools/jit/template.c b/Tools/jit/template.c
index 72379165f3b610e..f1e2e25aaecdada 100644
--- a/Tools/jit/template.c
+++ b/Tools/jit/template.c
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 
 #include "Python.h"
 
+#ifndef NDEBUG
 #undef assert
 #define assert(TEST) ((TEST) ? 0 : _Py_jit_assertion_failure(__LINE__))
+#endif
 
 #include "pycore_backoff.h"
 #include "pycore_call.h"
@@ -40,8 +42,10 @@
 
 #include "jit.h"
 
+#ifndef NDEBUG
 #undef assert
 #define assert(TEST) ((TEST) ? 0 : _Py_jit_assertion_failure(__LINE__))
+#endif
 
 #undef CURRENT_OPERAND0_64
 #define CURRENT_OPERAND0_64() (_operand0_64)