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Fix database pagination across unions and grouped queries - #715
Cursor pagination could discard union select and join parameters, apply a cursor to the wrong member column, or change the rows selected by a bounded member. Grouped union counts could also lose the first SELECT's limit. This change keeps row selection, page comparisons and SQL parameters together through query preparation.
Pagination behavior
Integrate Laravel #61841 and #62131, including their binding and grouped-count regressions.
Prepare a query copy for execution. Preserve the caller's clauses, live bindings and reusable union members. SQL and parameters come from the same prepared query.
Apply cursor and ID-based page comparisons after bounded members have selected their rows. Preserve nested unions and first-SELECT bounds when counting a grouped union. Reversing a page no longer reverses a member's row selection.
Map union columns by position, allowing members to use different source names and aliases. Automatic paging requires matching plain-column projections, or compatible wildcards from the same table and connection without joins. Ambiguous and computed projections fail explicitly; callers can wrap the union with fromSub() and page its named output columns.
Preserve Eloquent scope timing and the root query's protected cursor-column resolver, including aliases supplied only through the pagination columns argument. Union members use positional mapping instead of invoking that protected resolver.
Filter grouped expression results outside their grouped query. Carry only the emitted page orders and their own parameters outside, and avoid sorting the same groups again inside.
Distinguish source columns used by ID paging from output aliases used by cursors. Resolve shadowed ID orders after scopes and the requested projection are complete. For an unselected shadowed source in a joined or raw-source query, require a qualified column or a separately selected output instead of silently sorting the wrong value.
Query preparation
Embedded queries now complete their query callbacks before SQL and bindings are captured. Group-limit compilation works on a copy rather than consuming columns, offsets or ordering from a retained builder. Logical binding categories remain available through getRawBindings(); execution arranges parameters in SQL order.
Column orders retain their binding ranges, so replacing an inOrderOf order removes only its own parameters. Custom drivers can override the preparation boundary to keep row-selection clauses inside and request options outside. Drivers whose row selection depends on ordering can restore it before applying the outer page.
Nested union members use a derived table on MySQL versions below 8.0.31, where native nesting is not accepted. Newer MySQL and supported MariaDB keep their native form.
Database requirements and schema fixes
MariaDB now requires 10.11 or later. The CI service and documentation use that minimum, and obsolete server branches for UUID columns, column renaming and SKIP LOCKED are removed. Client-tool version checks remain separate.
Older supported MySQL versions retain their column-renaming implementation. It now preserves literal NULL and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP string defaults, while recognizing temporal timestamp expressions. Regression coverage checks stored defaults and inserted values after renaming.
Validation integration fixtures now run in the coroutine-aware database setup hook. Their wrong-column assertion uses comparable text values instead of relying on UUID-to-integer coercion.
Verification
Formatting, full source and type analysis, and the Database suite pass. Integration checks cover SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL 5.7, MySQL 8.0.30 and MariaDB 10.11, including forward and backward traversal, nested and bounded unions, aliases, counts, query reuse, callbacks and schema defaults. Existing service- and driver-specific skips remain.
Note
Fix database pagination across unions and grouped queries
Reworks keyset and cursor pagination in Builder.php so ID-based pages resolve union order columns to their output columns, remove only the orders and bindings they replace, and tag keyset WHERE conditions with their binding ranges. All SELECT paths (get, runSelect, cursor, exists, aggregate, pagination counts) now compile a prepared query built by the new prepareForSelect, which resolves keyset columns against the projection or isolates them in a clone.
Rewrites cursor-condition building in BuildsQueries.php to pass resolved order-column comparisons to addCursorPaginationConditions instead of rewriting union-builder bindings directly. Compound cursors now generate nested lexicographic comparisons. Previous-page requests reverse union ordering when present, not both order lists.
Fixes pagination counts for grouped unions: cloneForPaginationCount keeps the first SELECT's ordering and bounds but drops union-level ordering, limit, and offset.
Makes group-limit compilation non-destructive: Grammar.php compiles a clone and moves order-binding merging into the new prepareBindingsForSelect; MySqlGrammar.php wraps nested union members as derived tables for non-MariaDB MySQL below 8.0.31.
Raises the minimum MariaDB version to 10.11: typeUuid always returns uuid instead of char(36), column renames use native RENAME COLUMN for MariaDB, and SKIP LOCKED no longer version-checks MariaDB. The CI job now uses mariadb:10.11.
Behavioral Change: embedded queries are prepared via the renamed prepareQueryForEmbedding (applies before-query callbacks and returns a prepared builder) at the embedding call sites in Builder.php; getBindings and mergeBindings now return SELECT-prepared bindings; union ID paging throws when the paging column is shadowed by another selected alias or its projection width cannot be proven (wrap with fromSub). compileLegacyRenameColumn converts CURRENT_TIMESTAMP defaults to expressions only for timestamp and datetime columns.
Improved cursor and ID-based pagination across unions, aliases, grouped queries, and bounded queries, with clearer errors for unsupported or ambiguous projections.
Fixed query counts, bindings, and ordering in pagination and embedded queries.
Improved compatibility for nested unions on older MySQL versions and column renaming defaults.
Compatibility
MariaDB support now requires version 10.11 or later. Native UUID columns and column renaming are supported across MariaDB versions.
Documentation
Added guidance on database requirements, pagination limitations, and query embedding.
Integrate Laravel framework PRs #61841 and #62131 from 13.x at
5d7797528723107cd4f495326838a7d7d67fbb20, retaining the complete upstream
binding and grouped-union count regressions.
Prepare SQL and parameters from the same query copy. Preserve the clauses
that select rows inside bounded union members, apply page comparisons to
their output, and map member columns by position. Reject ambiguous mappings
instead of silently filtering the wrong column. Keep normal scope timing,
root alias overrides, current binding values and reusable queries intact.
Retain first-SELECT bounds in grouped union counts. Complete callbacks when
embedding queries, keep logical binding categories separate from SQL order,
and compile group limits without consuming caller state. Track parameters
owned by column orders so replacing an order removes only its own values.
Nested unions use a derived table only on older MySQL versions that need it.
Verification includes full source and type analysis, the Database suite,
SQLite and PostgreSQL integration, MySQL 5.7 integration, and cursor cases
on MySQL 8.0.30 and MariaDB 10.11.
Use MariaDB 10.11 as the minimum supported server and pin the database CI
service to that series. Native UUID columns, column renaming and SKIP LOCKED
are available throughout the supported range, so remove obsolete server
branches and align their capability and schema tests. Client-tool checks
remain independent of the server minimum.
Keep the legacy MySQL column-renaming path for supported older MySQL.
Its metadata exposes string defaults without quotes: treat CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
as an expression only for temporal columns, and preserve the literal string
NULL. Renaming now retains literal, nullable, numeric and fractional temporal
defaults without changing their meaning.
Verified schema and capability tests, full static analysis, MariaDB 10.11
integration and the expanded rename regression on MySQL 5.7, PostgreSQL and
SQLite. User documentation is updated in the accompanying documentation
commit.
Create validation fixtures in the coroutine-aware database refresh hook.
PHPUnit setup runs outside the test coroutine, so direct database work there
fails with the Swoole-backed PostgreSQL transport.
Keep the custom-key negative assertion, but compare its UUID with another
text column rather than integer id. The original test depended on implicit
coercion and failed on PostgreSQL before it could check uniqueness. Remove
the unused server-variable setup and cleanup.
The complete validation integration file passes on PostgreSQL 14, SQLite
and MySQL 5.7.
Explain how cursor and ID-based pagination maps union columns by position.
Show explicit matching projections and the fromSub alternative for computed
or ambiguous results. Document the protected member-resolver difference and
retain normal root alias resolution.
Describe the preparation boundary for custom database drivers: use one
prepared builder for SQL and bindings, retain row-selection clauses inside,
and keep request options outside. Drivers whose selection depends on order
restore that order before applying the outer page.
Update the canonical MariaDB minimum to 10.11, align older version mentions,
and link the requirement from the package differences and Laravel porting
guide. Documentation matches the verified framework behavior.
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Walkthrough
Query execution and keyset pagination now prepare queries and bindings across union projections, bounded queries, embedding, counts, and aggregates. MariaDB support references move to 10.11, alongside schema grammar, workflow, and test updates.
Keyset pagination prepares cursor predicates and bindings, resolves aliases, and maps union columns by projection position. Tests and documentation cover bounded queries, ambiguous projections, and cursor traversal.
Execution, embedding, counts, and aggregates use prepared queries and bindings. Group-limit compilation preserves builder state, and nested union SQL is adapted for older MySQL versions.
MariaDB support and schema behavior
Layer / File(s)
Summary
MariaDB version and schema compatibility .github/workflows/databases.yml, src/database/src/MySqlConnection.php, src/database/src/Schema/Grammars/*, tests/Database/DatabaseMariaDbSchemaGrammarTest.php, tests/Database/DatabasePdoConnectionTest.php, tests/Database/DatabaseSchemaBlueprintTest.php, tests/Integration/Database/SchemaBuilderTest.php, tests/Integration/Validation/ValidatorTest.php, src/docs/database.md, src/docs/queries.md
The workflow and capability fixtures use MariaDB 10.11. Schema grammar uses native UUID and column-renaming behavior. Legacy MySQL column reconstruction preserves string defaults, and tests cover these changes.
hypervel/components#714: Changes cursor order-column handling and cursor comparison construction in BuildsQueries.
hypervel/components#713: Changes cursor and ID paging behavior in BuildsQueries, overlapping union, alias, and keyset pagination paths.
Merge Risk: Low · previous review 2e532
Readers may misunderstand how to call the direct paging methods. Clarify the guidance; the issue does not block merge.
Pre-merge checks: 5
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Title check
The title clearly summarizes the primary change: fixing database pagination across unions and grouped queries.
Description check
The description is detailed and covers the problem, implementation scope, supporting regressions, verification areas, and related database changes. It does not select a contribution type, provide exac…
Docstring Coverage
Docstring coverage is 80.60% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff with cyclomatic complexity of at least 2. Documentati…
Linked Issues check
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The description is detailed and covers the problem, implementation scope, supporting regressions, verification areas, and related database changes. It does not select a contribution type, provide exact verification commands and results, or include the required submission checklist, but the main required content is present.
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• Preserve union member bounds, column correspondence, and SQL bindings during cursor and ID-based
pagination.
• Prepare executable queries without consuming caller state; correct grouped counts and legacy MySQL
defaults.
• Require MariaDB 10.11 and document pagination constraints with cross-driver regression coverage.
Diagram
graph TD
A["Paging APIs"] --> B["Query builder"] --> C["Prepared SELECT"] --> E["SQL grammar"] --> F[("Database")]
C --> D["Union members"] --> E
B --> G["Pagination counts"] --> C
Loading
High-Level Assessment
The following are alternative approaches to this PR:
1. Always paginate a derived union table
➕ Avoids applying comparisons to individual union members and simplifies column mapping.
➖ Changes SQL plans for ordinary unions and can require different handling of aliases, ordering, and bounded members.
2. Require callers to wrap every union with fromSub()
➖ Breaks existing direct-union pagination patterns and shifts correctness work to callers.
Recommendation: Keep the conditional preparation approach: it preserves existing direct-union APIs and isolates row selection only where needed. Retain the explicit fromSub() escape hatch for projections whose correspondence cannot be proven; review custom-driver preparation hooks particularly carefully.
Files changed (24) +1517 / -220
Bug fix (6) +737 / -132
BuildsQueries.phpDelegate cursor comparisons to SELECT preparation+27/-66
Delegate cursor comparisons to SELECT preparation
• Resolves root cursor aliases, including aliases supplied only as pagination columns, without changing Eloquent scope timing. Replaces direct mutation of union members and their bindings with recorded comparisons.
Builder.phpPrepare isolated keyset pages and SQL-aligned bindings+639/-51
Prepare isolated keyset pages and SQL-aligned bindings
• Tracks ownership of paging predicates and order bindings, maps union columns by position, and isolates comparisons from bounded or grouped row selection on prepared copies. Updates execution, embedding, aggregate, and count paths to use prepared queries while preserving caller state and member bindings.
MySqlGrammar.phpSupport legacy group limits and version-aware nested unions+30/-0
Support legacy group limits and version-aware nested unions
• Keeps legacy MySQL group-limit bindings in their SQL order. Wraps nested union members for MySQL versions below 8.0.31 while retaining native syntax for newer MySQL and MariaDB.
MySqlGrammar.phpPreserve literal defaults during legacy MySQL renames+12/-8
Preserve literal defaults during legacy MySQL renames
• Keeps the older supported MySQL rename path but treats NULL and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP string defaults as literals. Only temporal CURRENT_TIMESTAMP defaults become SQL expressions.
DatabaseMySqlQueryGrammarTest.phpTest nested-union syntax across server versions+49/-0
Test nested-union syntax across server versions
• Checks derived-table wrapping on older MySQL, native nesting on newer MySQL and MariaDB, preserved bindings, and avoidance of version checks for ordinary unions.
DatabaseQueryBuilderEmbeddingTest.phpVerify callbacks complete before query embedding+25/-2
Verify callbacks complete before query embedding
• Checks that embedded query callbacks contribute SQL and bindings once and that callback-added timeouts are rejected. Updates the custom builder fixture to the new preparation hook.
DatabaseQueryBuilderPaginationTest.phpExercise prepared keyset pages and query reuse+206/-0
Exercise prepared keyset pages and query reuse
• Adds SQLite-backed coverage for union chunking, lazy iteration, scopes, counts, ambiguous projections, embedding, and reusable bindings. Also tests cursor comparisons against grouped expression results and callback-supplied aggregate clauses.
EloquentCursorPaginateTest.phpTest cursor traversal through bounded unions+140/-0
Test cursor traversal through bounded unions
• Covers aliases supplied through pagination columns, scope and callback timing, forward and backward traversal of bounded and nested unions, eager loading, wildcard members, and ordinary page limits.
ValidatorTest.phpRefresh validation fixtures in the database hook+6/-8
Refresh validation fixtures in the database hook
• Moves fixture creation to the coroutine-aware database refresh hook. Makes the wrong-column uniqueness assertion independent of UUID-to-integer coercion.
database.mdDocument MariaDB minimum and query preparation hooks+4/-2
Document MariaDB minimum and query preparation hooks
• Raises the documented MariaDB minimum to 10.11 and explains the replacement embedding hook, prepared execution boundary, and custom-driver isolation hooks.
queries.mdExplain supported union pagination projections+30/-2
Explain supported union pagination projections
• Adds examples of positional column mapping and fromSub() for ambiguous or computed projections. Updates MariaDB version references elsewhere in the query guide.
1. Ambiguous union columns can skip rows 🐞 Bug≡ Correctness
Description
mapUnionKeysetColumns() stops at the first matching projection, even when multiple paging columns
share its output alias. With duplicate aliases in a union projection, distinct compound-cursor
comparisons resolve to the same member column rather than being rejected, so later pages can select
the wrong rows.
The new normalization gives both source columns the same output alias; the associative parameter
collection collapses that name, and the positional lookup stops at its first occurrence. Rebinding
then uses that single mapping for every comparison carrying the alias.
The issue below was found during a code review. Follow the provided context and guidance below and implement a solution
## Issue description
Duplicate output aliases make positional union cursor mapping ambiguous. The current lookup selects the first match and can apply distinct cursor comparisons to the same member column.
## Fix Focus Areas
- src/database/src/Query/Builder.php[3575-3598]
- src/database/src/Query/Builder.php[3622-3645]
## Recommended Fix
Detect when a paging output name corresponds to more than one selected position, and throw the existing ambiguity exception before applying cursor predicates. Add a regression test with two paging projections sharing an alias.
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2. Locked cursor pages fail on MySQL 🐞 Bug≡ Correctness
Description
isolateKeysetSelect clones the whole query into the derived table and only clears lock from the
outer query, so the inner SELECT keeps its row-lock clause. When a cursor page over a bounded or
grouped query uses lockForUpdate() or sharedLock(), MySQL receives `select * from (... for
update) as cursor_table`, which it rejects, and the same query shape would also fail for chunk and
lazy iteration.
The inner query is built with cloneWithout(...), which keeps lock. resetProperties then clears
lock only on the outer builder, so the compiled derived table contains the lock clause.
The issue below was found during a code review. Follow the provided context and guidance below and implement a solution
## Issue description
`isolateKeysetSelect` keeps `lock` on the inner derived-table query, producing invalid SQL with a locking clause in a subquery.
## Fix Focus Areas
- src/database/src/Query/Builder.php[3752-3780]
## Recommended Fix
Before resetting properties, capture `$this->lock`; set `$inner->lock = null` and restore the captured lock on the outer query after `fromSub`. Alternatively throw an explicit exception when a lock is combined with keyset isolation.
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1. Ambiguous union columns can skip rows 🐞 Bug≡ Correctness
mapUnionKeysetColumns() stops at the first matching projection, even when multiple paging columns
share its output alias. With duplicate aliases in a union projection, distinct compound-cursor
comparisons resolve to the same member column rather than being rejected, so later pages can select
the wrong rows.
Agent Prompt
## Issue description
Duplicate output aliases make positional union cursor mapping ambiguous. The current lookup selects the first match and can apply distinct cursor comparisons to the same member column.
## Fix Focus Areas
- src/database/src/Query/Builder.php[3575-3598]
- src/database/src/Query/Builder.php[3622-3645]
## Recommended Fix
Detect when a paging output name corresponds to more than one selected position, and throw the existing ambiguity exception before applying cursor predicates. Add a regression test with two paging projections sharing an alias.
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Distinct cursor fields must have distinct output names: a named cursor cannot represent two different values under one alias, even without a union. Adding a duplicate-alias validator here would not establish that missing contract.
The investigation did expose a related supported case: distinct output names could collide with other source names. Commit b0a7308 separates cursor-output lookup from ID-source lookup and maps normalized union outputs by position. Regression coverage checks forward/backward union and grouped traversal, qualified sources and ordinary ID paging.
Cursor parameters identify selected output names, while ID-based paging
identifies source columns. An alias that reused another source column's
name could therefore filter one value and order or map another, skipping
or repeating rows in union, grouped and ordinary ID-based queries.
Keep source and output lookup separate, map normalized union outputs by
position, and resolve ID ordering only after scopes and the requested
projection are complete. Preserve logical order names on the original
builder so repeated paging calls still replace the intended order.
Qualified references to different tables remain distinct.
When a single source is known, qualify an unselected source hidden by an
alias. Reject the ambiguous joined or raw-source form with guidance to
qualify or select the paging column explicitly.
Verified with the Database suite, full static analysis and integration
checks on SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL and MariaDB. Regressions cover forward
and backward traversal, qualified sources, aliases and repeated calls.
Document how to select the source under a distinct output name and pass
that name to the chunkById or lazyById alias argument. Explain the narrow
rejection for an unselected shadowed source in joined or raw-source
queries, where the builder cannot identify its table safely.
Keep the package differences and Laravel porting guide concise and link
them to the query documentation. Qualified source references retain the
same paging capability without relying on ambiguous SQL name resolution.
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Actionable comments posted: 1
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/docs/queries.md:
- Line 204: Separate the alias guidance in the paging documentation: keep the
`alias` argument instructions scoped to `chunkById` and `lazyById`, noting that
their descending methods accept it too. State the qualification rule for
unselected paging columns separately, and clarify that it also applies to
`forPageAfterId` and `forPageBeforeId`, which do not accept an `alias` argument.
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src/database/README.md
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Separate chunkById and lazyById alias guidance from source qualification.
Their descending variants accept the same alias argument, while the direct
forPageAfterId and forPageBeforeId methods accept only a paging column.
State that distinction explicitly so the shared qualification guidance
does not suggest an argument the direct methods do not support. Verified
against the builder and relationship signatures; no runtime code changes.
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Cursor pagination could discard union select and join parameters, apply a cursor to the wrong member column, or change the rows selected by a bounded member. Grouped union counts could also lose the first SELECT's limit. This change keeps row selection, page comparisons and SQL parameters together through query preparation.
Pagination behavior
fromSub()and page its named output columns.Query preparation
Embedded queries now complete their query callbacks before SQL and bindings are captured. Group-limit compilation works on a copy rather than consuming columns, offsets or ordering from a retained builder. Logical binding categories remain available through
getRawBindings(); execution arranges parameters in SQL order.Column orders retain their binding ranges, so replacing an
inOrderOforder removes only its own parameters. Custom drivers can override the preparation boundary to keep row-selection clauses inside and request options outside. Drivers whose row selection depends on ordering can restore it before applying the outer page.Nested union members use a derived table on MySQL versions below 8.0.31, where native nesting is not accepted. Newer MySQL and supported MariaDB keep their native form.
Database requirements and schema fixes
MariaDB now requires 10.11 or later. The CI service and documentation use that minimum, and obsolete server branches for UUID columns, column renaming and
SKIP LOCKEDare removed. Client-tool version checks remain separate.Older supported MySQL versions retain their column-renaming implementation. It now preserves literal
NULLandCURRENT_TIMESTAMPstring defaults, while recognizing temporal timestamp expressions. Regression coverage checks stored defaults and inserted values after renaming.Validation integration fixtures now run in the coroutine-aware database setup hook. Their wrong-column assertion uses comparable text values instead of relying on UUID-to-integer coercion.
Verification
Formatting, full source and type analysis, and the Database suite pass. Integration checks cover SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL 5.7, MySQL 8.0.30 and MariaDB 10.11, including forward and backward traversal, nested and bounded unions, aliases, counts, query reuse, callbacks and schema defaults. Existing service- and driver-specific skips remain.
Note
Fix database pagination across unions and grouped queries
get,runSelect,cursor,exists,aggregate, pagination counts) now compile a prepared query built by the newprepareForSelect, which resolves keyset columns against the projection or isolates them in a clone.addCursorPaginationConditionsinstead of rewriting union-builder bindings directly. Compound cursors now generate nested lexicographic comparisons. Previous-page requests reverse union ordering when present, not both order lists.cloneForPaginationCountkeeps the first SELECT's ordering and bounds but drops union-level ordering, limit, and offset.prepareBindingsForSelect; MySqlGrammar.php wraps nested union members as derived tables for non-MariaDB MySQL below 8.0.31.typeUuidalways returnsuuidinstead ofchar(36), column renames use nativeRENAME COLUMNfor MariaDB, andSKIP LOCKEDno longer version-checks MariaDB. The CI job now usesmariadb:10.11.prepareQueryForEmbedding(applies before-query callbacks and returns a prepared builder) at the embedding call sites in Builder.php;getBindingsandmergeBindingsnow return SELECT-prepared bindings; union ID paging throws when the paging column is shadowed by another selected alias or its projection width cannot be proven (wrap withfromSub).compileLegacyRenameColumnconvertsCURRENT_TIMESTAMPdefaults to expressions only for timestamp and datetime columns.Macroscope summarized 8b234d6.
Summary by CodeRabbit
Bug Fixes
Compatibility
Documentation